Regulations

Question 1

What are the two requirements for a pilot to conduct single-pilot IFR operations

Answer 1

1. Passed a single pilot IPC in the past
2. Have conducted a single pilot IFR flight with the previous 6 mths of at least 1 hr and including at least 1 approach

Question 2

A pilot can only conduct a circling approach if

Answer 2

Demonstrated circling approach competency during an IPC within the last 12 mths

Question 3

What approaches can a pilot conduct?

How are they grouped?

Answer 3

Approaches you are trained and deemed competent in.

2D
NDB
VOR and LOC
DME /GNSS arrival

3D
ILS

Question 4

What are the recency requirements for conducting instrument approaches?

1. General
2. Aircraft Category
3. 2D
4. 3D
5. Azimuth
6. CDI

Answer 4

1. General - 3 app within 90 days
2. Aircraft Category - 1 app in aircraft of same category within 90 days
3. 2D - 1 app within 90 days
4. 3D - 1 app within 90 days
5. Azimuth - 1 x 2D with azimuth within 90 days
6. CDI - 1 app using CDI with 90 days

Question 5

Does a 3D app satisfy experience requirement for a 2D app?

Answer 5

No

But 3D may satisfy a CDI or azimuth recency

Question 6

What’s the annual and biennial requirements for a pilot to conduct IFR operations?

Answer 6

Annual - instrument rating

IPC within 12 mths, conducted on an aircraft of same category (inc multi-eng)

Biennial - type rating

IPC within 24 mths on type

Question 7

What equipment is required for NVFR flight?

Answer 7

• landing light
• instrument illumination for all equipment essential for safe operation
• a torch per crew member

Question 8

What are the minimum operating altitudes for ME by day and ngt!

Answer 8

Day

• nb 300’ agl at/abv Vyse

Ngt

• nb 500ft with trakka at/abv Vyse

Note - blw 500’ only essential persons onboard

Question 9

A pilot can only use NVIS when:

Answer 9

They are NVIS rated and endorsed

Complies with CAO82.6 and company ops manual

Question 10

Can NVG’s be used when operating under the IFR?

Answer 10

Yes, if you have a Class 1 NVIS rating. But NVG use does not alter any IFR requirements (ie: the requirement to remain above LSALT until fixed within 3nm)

Except for take-off and landing, all other NVIS ops below LSALT must be conducted under NVFR.

Question 11

State the weather minima, alternate minima and fuel requirements for NVIS flight.

Answer 11

As per NVFR

Weather min =
- VMC only
- Class C+G: 5000m vis, 1000’, vert, 1500m lat

Alternate AD =
- ceiling 1500’ + 8km vis
- rwy lighting as per IFR

Fuel =
- 30 mins FR
- alternate fuel as required

Question 12

What are the vis requirements for NVIS operations?

Answer 12

5000m when at or abv 500ft AHO

Otherwise:

Change direction

Climb to LSALT + revet to NVFR or IFR

Land at HLS-NVIS std or basic if safe to do so

Question 13

State the RFPWM

Answer 13

For NVFR capable aircraft with NVIS crew = cloud not more than SCT below 2000’ AGL within +/- 2nm of track.

For IFR capable aircraft with NVIS crew = cloud not more than SCT below 1000’ AGL within +/- 2nm of track.

Additionally

• serv trakka
• topo maps
• familiar with route
• spare NVG’s
• blw LSALT req ACO in LHS with NVG’s

Question 14

Describe CASA’s permission for us to operate lower than Reg 157 permits

Answer 14

• essential person only
• not blw 500’ within 300m of a people without consent, except
• police surveillance of target. 100’ abv ok so long as there are no non-targeted persons in area
• at all time safe aborts exist so no person or property are at risk

Question 15

What are the CAO 82.6 exemptions for NVFR NVIS category flights?

Answer 15

Exempt from 174B(1) so can operated blw LSALT at night so long as:
- engaged in NVIS op (ems,sar,pol,etc)
- it’s operationally necessary to be blw LSALT
- use NVIS
- operate IAW ops manual + 82.6

Exempt from using nav lights

Question 16

What’s the concept for using the RFPWM?

Answer 16

Must maintain VMC at all times. Therefore it’s very difficult apply the minima inside class C.

The only option is to go coastal 1500’ LSALT, cloud base no lower than 2500’ until outside class C. Once in class G VMC at night is clear of cloud, in sight gnd/water and 5000m vis (blw the higher of 3000’ AMSL or 1000’ AGL)

Question 17

When are you exempt from min VFR heights at night?

Answer 17

If the PIC holds an NVIS rating and if:

• engaged in an NVIS operation
• operates IAW CAO 82.6 and Ops Manual
• operationally necessary

Question 18

NVIS usage restrictions

Answer 18

Can only use NVIS if;

• NVIS rated +
• NVIS endorsed +
• operates IAW CAO82.6 + Ops Man
• had an NPC on type

Question 19

Define:

Air taxi

Air transit

Answer 19

Air taxi = IGE + slow

Air transit = upto 100’ + faster

Question 20

What are the NVFR equipment requirements?

Answer 20

ASI, ALT, COMPASS, OAT, AI, STBY AI, HSI, VSI, skid ball

If attitude cannot be maintained with reference to visual cues from ground or celestial illumination: req 1 x autopilot or SAS

Question 21

NVIS regulations are now found where?

Answer 21

CASR Part 91, Part 133 and Part 138 MOS’s

Question 22

NVIS recency requirements

Answer 22

1 hour and 3 ccts, take off’s and landings every 3 mths

NPC within 12 mths

Question 23

NVFR recency requirements

Answer 23

1 x cct take off and landing every 6 mths

Plus 3 ccts every 90 days for pax

Question 24

Night passenger carrying requirements

Answer 24

3 x take-offs, ccts and landings every 90 days

Question 25

NVFR Nav

Answer 25

Climb to LSALT by 3nm
Cant descend until within 3nm
Need 5000m vis