Regulations Flashcards
What are the two requirements for a pilot to conduct single-pilot IFR operations
- Passed a single pilot IPC in the past
- Have conducted a single pilot IFR flight with the previous 6 mths of at least 1 hr and including at least 1 approach
A pilot can only conduct a circling approach if
Demonstrated circling approach competency during an IPC within the last 12 mths
What approaches can a pilot conduct?
How are they grouped?
Approaches you are trained and deemed competent in.
2D
NDB
VOR and LOC
DME /GNSS arrival
3D
ILS
What are the recency requirements for conducting instrument approaches?
- General
- Aircraft Category
- 2D
- 3D
- Azimuth
- CDI
- General - 3 app within 90 days
- Aircraft Category - 1 app in aircraft of same category within 90 days
- 2D - 1 app within 90 days
- 3D - 1 app within 90 days
- Azimuth - 1 x 2D with azimuth within 90 days
- CDI - 1 app using CDI with 90 days
Does a 3D app satisfy experience requirement for a 2D app?
No
But 3D may satisfy a CDI or azimuth recency
What’s the annual and biennial requirements for a pilot to conduct IFR operations?
Annual - instrument rating
IPC within 12 mths, conducted on an aircraft of same category (inc multi-eng)
Biennial - type rating
IPC within 24 mths on type
What equipment is required for NVFR flight?
- landing light
- instrument illumination for all equipment essential for safe operation
- a torch per crew member
What are the minimum operating altitudes for ME by day and ngt!
Day
- nb 300’ agl at/abv Vyse
Ngt
- nb 500ft with trakka at/abv Vyse
Note - blw 500’ only essential persons onboard
A pilot can only use NVIS when:
They are NVIS rated and endorsed
Complies with CAO82.6 and company ops manual
Can NVG’s be used when operating under the IFR?
Yes, if you have a Class 1 NVIS rating. But NVG use does not alter any IFR requirements (ie: the requirement to remain above LSALT until fixed within 3nm)
Except for take-off and landing, all other NVIS ops below LSALT must be conducted under NVFR.
State the weather minima, alternate minima and fuel requirements for NVIS flight.
As per NVFR
Weather min =
- VMC only
- Class C+G: 5000m vis, 1000’, vert, 1500m lat
Alternate AD =
- ceiling 1500’ + 8km vis
- rwy lighting as per IFR
Fuel =
- 30 mins FR
- alternate fuel as required
What are the vis requirements for NVIS operations?
5000m when at or abv 500ft AHO
Otherwise:
Change direction
Climb to LSALT + revet to NVFR or IFR
Land at HLS-NVIS std or basic if safe to do so
State the RFPWM
For NVFR capable aircraft with NVIS crew = cloud not more than SCT below 2000’ AGL within +/- 2nm of track.
For IFR capable aircraft with NVIS crew = cloud not more than SCT below 1000’ AGL within +/- 2nm of track.
Additionally
- serv trakka
- topo maps
- familiar with route
- spare NVG’s
- blw LSALT req ACO in LHS with NVG’s
Describe CASA’s permission for us to operate lower than Reg 157 permits
- essential person only
- not blw 500’ within 300m of a people without consent, except
- police surveillance of target. 100’ abv ok so long as there are no non-targeted persons in area
- at all time safe aborts exist so no person or property are at risk
What are the CAO 82.6 exemptions for NVFR NVIS category flights?
Exempt from 174B(1) so can operated blw LSALT at night so long as:
- engaged in NVIS op (ems,sar,pol,etc)
- it’s operationally necessary to be blw LSALT
- use NVIS
- operate IAW ops manual + 82.6
Exempt from using nav lights
What’s the concept for using the RFPWM?
Must maintain VMC at all times. Therefore it’s very difficult apply the minima inside class C.
The only option is to go coastal 1500’ LSALT, cloud base no lower than 2500’ until outside class C. Once in class G VMC at night is clear of cloud, in sight gnd/water and 5000m vis (blw the higher of 3000’ AMSL or 1000’ AGL)
When are you exempt from min VFR heights at night?
If the PIC holds an NVIS rating and if:
- engaged in an NVIS operation
- operates IAW CAO 82.6 and Ops Manual
- operationally necessary
NVIS usage restrictions
Can only use NVIS if;
- NVIS rated +
- NVIS endorsed +
- operates IAW CAO82.6 + Ops Man
- had an NPC on type
Define:
Air taxi
Air transit
Air taxi = IGE + slow
Air transit = upto 100’ + faster
What are the NVFR equipment requirements?
ASI, ALT, COMPASS, OAT, AI, STBY AI, HSI, VSI, skid ball
If attitude cannot be maintained with reference to visual cues from ground or celestial illumination: req 1 x autopilot or SAS
NVIS regulations are now found where?
CASR Part 91, Part 133 and Part 138 MOS’s
NVIS recency requirements
3 hours and 3 ccts, take off’s and landings every 6 mths or
NPC within 6 mths
Ref: part 61.1010
NVFR recency requirements
1 x cct take off and landing every 6 mths
Plus 3 ccts every 90 days for pax
Night passenger carrying requirements
3 x take-offs, ccts and landings every 90 days
NVFR Nav
Climb to LSALT by 3nm
Cant descend until within 3nm
Need 5000m vis
When should you declare Minimum fuel?
Only when your landing options have reduced to 1 Aerodrome.
Can you break rules to get people out of a dangerous situation?
Yes, PIC needs to declare a Mercy flight.
Need to advise the reason for the flight and generally which rules you can not comply with.
What conditions cannot be bypast using the mercy flight declaration?
- Ops blw final reserve
- MEL says not to fly
- cruise flight blw 300’ day or 500’ ngt
- vis blw 800m by day
