Regulations Flashcards
SD(61.56) FLIGHT REVIEW
And what does it consist of?
You cannot act as PIC unless, since the beginning of the 24 calendar months before the month of the flight, you’ve completed a flight review in an aircraft for which you’re rated.
Consists of minimum 1 hour of flight training and 1 hour of ground training with an authorized instructor.
(61.56) A FLIGHT REVIEW can be substituted by…
a proficiency check or practical test for a pilot certificate, rating or operating privilege;
a practical test for flight instructor certificate, additional FI rating, FI renewal or FI reinstatement;
one or more phases of the FAA-sponsored pilot proficiency award program (WINGS);
and flight instructor renewal exempts the pilot from the ground portion of the flight review.
(61.57) RECENT FLIGHT EXPERIENCE:
LANDINGS
To act as PIC of an aircraft carrying passengers you must have made at least 3 takeoffs and 3 landings in the same category, class and type in the last 90 days;
During the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and 1 hour before sunrise you must have made at least 3 takeoffs and 3 landings to a full stop during this period in the last 90 days;
Takeoffs and landing may be accomplished in an approved simulator;
Exceptions exist for pilots operating under part 121, 125, 135 and PIC of turbine-powered airplanes with more than one flight crew member.
PERSONAL DOCUMENTS required for flight
Pilot certificate
Medical certificate
Photo ID (passport, DL, etc.)
Restricted radio operator permit (for flights outside of US)
AIRCRAFT DOCUMENTS required for flight
Airworthiness certificate
Registration certificate
Radio station license (for flights outside of US)
Operating limitations and information (in AFM)
Weight and balance date (aircraft specific)
AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE INSPECTIONS required for IFR flight
-Airworthiness directives
-VOR check (every 30 days)
-Inspections
-annual (every 12 calendar months)
-100 hour (if flying for hire)
-Altimeter, automatic altitude reporting (in XPDR), static system (every 24 calendar months)
-Transponder (every 24 calendar months)
-ELT (every 12 calendar months)
-battery must be replaced after more than 1 hour of cumulative use or if 50% of useful life has expired
-Supplemental Type Certificate required inspections
PREFLIGHT INFO required for IFR
NOTAMs
Weather reports and forecasts
Know traffic delays as advised by ATC
Runway length of intended use
Alternatives available if flight can’t be completed as planned
Fuel requirements
Takeoff and landing performance data
FUEL REQUIREMENTS
VFR day - first point of intended landing plus at least 30 mins at normal cruising speed
VFR night - first point of intended landing plus at least 45 mins at normal cruising speed
IFR - first airport of intended landing plus most distant alternate plus 45 mins at normal cruising speed
School SOP - 1 hour
(91.205) REQUIRED EQUIPMENT FOR VFR DAY
Altimeter
Tachometer (for each engine)
Oil temperature gauge (for each engine)
Manifold pressure gauge (for each altitude engine)
Airspeed indicator
Temperature gauge (for each liquid cooled engine)
Oil pressure gauge (for each engine)
Fuel quantity gauge (for each tank)
Landing gear pos. lights (if applicable)
Anticollision lights (for ACFT certified after 11 March, 1996)
Magnetic direction finder (mag compass)
ELT (if required by 91.207)
Safety belt/shoulder harness
(91.205) REQUIRED EQUIPMENT VFR NIGHT
All VFR day equipment plus…
Fuses (spare set)
Landing light (if for hire)
Anticollision lights
Position lights
Source of electrical power
(91.171) VOR RECEIVER CHECK for IFR flight
Every 30 calendar days
- VOT +-4*
- Repair station +-4*
- VOR ground checkpoint +-4*
- VOR airborne checkpoint +-6*
if no signal or checkpoint available
- Above a prominent ground landmark on a VOR airway at least 20 NM from a VOR flying at a reasonably low altitude +-6*
- Dual VOR cross-check +-4*
(91.171) VOR CHECK SIGN-OFF
Date
Error (bearing error)
Place
Sign
(91.225) ADS-B Out is required within class ___________ airspace, within the _______ _____ of class B, and above the ceiling within the _________ boundaries of Class B or Class C airspace up to _______.
A,B, and C
Mode-C Veil
lateral
10,000’ MSL
(91.225) ADS-B Out is required in class E airspace at or above ________, excluding airspace at and below _________. It’s also required in class E airspace over the Gulf of Mexico, at and above ________, within _____ of the U.S. coast.
10,000’ MSL
2,500’ AGL
3,000’ MSL
12 NM
(91.155) VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS
Class A
IFR only
(91.155) VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS
Class B
3 SM
Clear of clouds
(91.155) VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS
Class C
3 SM
500 B, 1000 A, 2000 H
(91.155) VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS
Class D
3 SM
500 B, 1000 A, 2000 H
(91.155) VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS
Class E
At or above 10,000’ MSL:
5 SM
1000’ B, 1000’ A, 1SM H
Below 10,000’ MSL:
3 SM
500’ B, 1000’ A, 2000’ H
(91.155) VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS
Class G
At or above 10,000’ MSL and above 1,200’ AGL:
5 SM
1000’ B, 1000’ A, 1 SM H
Above 1,200’ AGL but below 10,000’ MSL:
Day
1 SM
500’ B, 1000’ A, 2000’ H
Night
3 SM
500’ B, 1000’ A, 2000’ H
At or below 1,200’ AGL:
Day
1 SM
CoC
Night
3SM
500’B, 1000’ A, 2000’ H
or
1 SM and CoC if in an airport traffic pattern within 1/2 mile of the runway
(91.155) You cannot operate an aircraft beneath the ceiling under VFR within the lateral boundaries of controlled airspace designated to the surface for an airport when the ceiling is less than ________.
You cannot take off, land or enter the traffic pattern of an airport under VFR within the lateral boundaries of B, C, D or E airspace designated for an airport unless ground visibility is at least ___. If ground visibility is not reported use ________ visibility.
1,000 feet
3 SM
flight
(91.157) For the purpose of 91.155, an aircraft operating at the ______ altitude of a class ___ airspace area is considered to be within the airspace directly _______ that area.
base
E
below
(91.817) Max speed above 10,000’ MSL?
Mach 1.0 (speed of sound)
(91.117) Max speed below 10,000’ MSL?
250 KIAS
(91.117) Max speed under class B, or within a VFR corridor through class B?
200 KIAS
(91.117) Max airspeed at or below ______ within ____ of the primary airport of class C or class D?
2,500’ AGL
4 NM
200 KIAS
(91.117) If the minimum safe airspeed for any particular operation is greater than the maximum speed prescribed in this section, the aircraft…
may be operated at that minimum speed.
(61.103) What is required to become a Private Pilot?
- at least 17 years old
- at least a current 3rd class medical
- read, write, speak English
- meet aeronautical experience requirements
- pass the knowledge test
- receive ground and flight endorsments
(61.113) What are your limitations as a Private Pilot?
- Cannot pay less than “pro rata” share of operating expenses (fuel, oil, airport fees, rental fees, etc.)
- Cannot act as PIC for compensation or hire
(61.113) What are your privileges as a Private Pilot?
P
C
S
B
D
G
- Can demo aircraft to prospective buyer as the salesman if you have at least 200 hours
- Can act as PIC of an aircraft towing a glider if you meet 61.69
- Can act as PIC of an aircraft in connection with a business or employment if it’s incidental to the business or employment and you don’t carry passengers or property for compensation or hire
- Can act as PIC of a charitable flight
- May be reimbursed for a search and location flight
- May act as PIC of a production test flight
You can log night flight from Evening Civil Twilight (___ minutes after official sunset) to Morning Civil Twilight (___ minutes before official sunrise)
30
30
91.119 Minimum Safe Altitudes
Anywhere: If a power unit ______, an emergency landing without undue hazard to ________ or __________ on the surface.
Congested areas: An altitude of ______ feet above the highest obstacle within a _____ foot radius of the aircraft.
Other than congested areas: ____ feet above the surface, except over open water or sparsely populated areas. In those cases, no closer than _____ feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure.
fails
persons
property
1,000
2,000
500
500
91.211 Supplemental Oxygen
No person may operate above ______ feet MSL up to and including ______ feet MSL unless the required ________ flight crew is provided with and uses supplemental oxygen for that part of the flight at those altitudes that is of more than ____ minutes, or;
Above ______ feet MSL unless the required minimum flight crew is provided with and uses supplemental oxygen during the ______ flight time at those altitudes, or;
Above ______ feet MSL unless each _______ of the aircraft is provided with supplemental oxygen.
12,500
14,000
minimum
30
14,000
entire
15,000
occupant
Do you need to have your logbook with you to fly?
Only as a solo student pilot on a cross country flight
Do pilot certificates expire?
No, you just need to stay current
How do you keep your pilot certificate current
By doing a flight review every 24 calendar months
Medical Certificate
Under 40;
1st class medical expires at the end of the ____ month after the date it was issued and reverts to ____ class privileges.
Over 40;
After ___ months it reverts to ____ class privileges and after ___ months reverts to ___ class priviliges.
12th
3rd
6
2nd
12
3rd
How long is an aircraft registration certificate valid for?
7 years
Which weight and balance information must be in the aircraft? The one on the takeoff data card or the one in the airplane flight manual?
Updated weight and balance equipment list in the AFM
An airplane type rating is required when the max gross weight is equal to or greater than ______ pounds, a _________, or any aircraft specified by the ____ to require one.
12,500
turbojet
FAA
An Airworthiness Certificate _______ expires as long as _________ are kept up to date and the manufacturer’s original design is adhered to.
never
inspections
(91.9) No person may operate a civil aircraft without complying with the ________ _______ specified in the approved Airplane Flight Manual.
operating limitations
(91.403) Who is responsible for ensuring an aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition?
The owner/operator
(91.409) The only way to overfly an annual inspection is to obtain a _______ ______ _______ from the ______.
A 100 hour inspection may be overflown by no more than ___ hours and only if en route to the place where the _________ will be done.
An annual inspection can be substituted for the ____ hour inspection, but a 100 hour _______ substitute an _______ inspection.
special flight permit
FSDO
10
inspection
100
cannot
annual
(91.207) An ELT is not required for training flights within ___ nautical miles of the home airport.
50
What FAR Part discusses NOTIFICATION AND REPORTING OF AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS OR INCIDENTS AND OVERDUE AIRCRAFT, AND PRESERVATION OF AIRCRAFT WRECKAGE, MAIL, CARGO, AND RECORDS?
FAR Part 830
What do you do if a piece of the airplane was inoperative?
Deactivate or remove the component and placard it inoperative
Deactivating could be as simple as pulling a circuit breaker
A Minimum Equipment List is an FAA approved list of equipment that can be ________.
inoperative
(61.133) A person who holds a Commercial Pilot Certificate may…
Act as PIC:
- Carrying persons or property for compensation or hire
- For compensation or hire
What is a Commercial Operator?
A person, other than an air carrier, who carries persons or property for compensation or hire
(Part 135, Air Taxi)
What is a Common Carrier?
Does a Common Carrier need an Air Carrier Certificate or a Commercial Operating Certificate?
A person or organization that “holds out” its willingness to transport persons or property for compensation or hire
Yes
What is a “Wet Lease”?
Is this legal?
When the airplane and the pilot are provided by the same company
No, unless the company has an air carrier certificate or a commercial operating certificate
What is a “Dry Lease”?
When the pilot and the airplane come from two different sources
