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Pilot Knowledge > Airport Operations > Flashcards

Airport Operations Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

A runway threshold may be displaced because of an…

This portion of the runway is ____ to be used for ________, although it may be available for ______, ________ and ________ ________.

A

obstruction near the end of the runway.

not
landing
taxiing, takeoff and landing rollout.

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2
Q

What is this marking?

A

Blast pad/stopway area

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3
Q

A blast pad is an area where propeller or jet blast can…

A stopway area is paved in order to provide…

A

dissipate without creating a hazard.

space for an aircraft to decelerate and stop in the event of an aborted takeoff.

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4
Q

What are the three types of runways?

A
  • Visual runway
  • Non-precision instrument runway
  • Precision instrument runway
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5
Q

What are the differences in runway markings for the three different types of runways?

A

Visual - designation, centerline, threshold (if used by international commercial transports), aiming point (runways >4,000’ used by jets)

Non-precision- designation, centerline, threshold, aiming point

Precision - designation, centerline, threshold, aiming point, touchdown zone, side stripes

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6
Q

What is this called?

A

Runway designation marking

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7
Q

What is this?

A

Touchdown zone markings

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8
Q

What are these called?

A

Aiming point markers

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9
Q

What are these called?

A

Side stripes

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10
Q

What is this?

A

Runway centerline

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11
Q

What are these markings called?

A

Threshold markings

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12
Q

What is this?

A

Runway threshold

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13
Q

What are these called?

A

Runway shoulder markings

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14
Q

What color are taxiway center lines?

A

Yellow with black edges

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15
Q

What is this?

What is it for?

A

Enhanced taxiway center line

Warning that you’re approaching a runway
- extends maximum 150’ from runway

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16
Q

What are these?

What does the dashed one mean

A

Taxiway edge markings

Adjacent pavement is for aircraft use and can be crossed, i.e. an apron

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17
Q

What is this area?

A

Taxiway shoulder area

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18
Q

What is this?

A

Surface painted taxiway direction sign

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19
Q

What is this?

A

Surface painted taxiway location sign

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20
Q

What is this circled 8 called?

Is it always a single number?

When is it used?

A

Geographic position marking

Can be a number and a letter or just a letter

Used during low visibility operations

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21
Q

What is this line?

Do you need ATC clearance to cross it?

A

Runway holding position marking

Clearance to cross the double line

No clearance needed to cross the dashed side

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22
Q

What is this?

A

Runway approach area holding position marking and sign

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23
Q

What’s another name for the Runway Hold Short line?

A

Visual holding point
or
Visual hold short line

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24
Q

What is this marking?

How else can it be referred to?

When is it used?

A

ILS critical area holding position marking

“Runway 15L CAT ? Holding Point”

Used when ceiling <800’, visibility <2sm

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25
Q

What is this?

If there’s no holding position line and an aircraft is crossing what should you do?

A

Taxiway intersection holding position line

Allow room for crossing aircraft

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26
Q

What are these?

A

Displaced threshold markings

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27
Q

What is this?

When will you see it used?

A

Surface painted holding position marking

Generally used when holding position/taxiway is >200’

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28
Q

What are these?

A

Vehicle roadway markings

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29
Q

What is this?

A

VOR receiver checkpoint marking

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30
Q

What is this?

Which side is under ATC control?

A

Non-movement area boundary marking

Dashed side

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31
Q

What do these yellow X’s indicate?

A

Runway or taxiway is permanently closed

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32
Q

What does the yellow X tell you?

A

Runway or taxiway temporarily closed

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33
Q

What are the six types of airport signs?

A
  • Mandatory instruction signs
  • Location signs
  • Direction signs
  • Destination signs
  • Information signs
  • Runway distance remaining signs
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34
Q

These airport signs have white text on a red background and are found at taxiway and runway intersections, holding positions, and other critical points on the airport surface

A

Mandatory instruction signs

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35
Q

What are the four types of mandatory instruction signs?

A
  • Runway holding position signs
  • Runway approach area holding position signs
  • ILS critical area holding position signs
  • No entry signs
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36
Q

What is the red sign called?

Where is runway 28 threshold?

A

Runway holding position sign

To the right

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37
Q

What kind of sign is this?

A

Runway approach area holding position sign

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38
Q

What is the red sign?

A

ILS critical area holding position sign

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39
Q

What kind of sign is this?

A

No entry sign

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40
Q

These airport signs have yellow text on a black background.

A

Location signs

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41
Q

What are the four types of location signs?

A
  • Taxiway location signs
  • Runway location signs
  • Runway boundary signs
  • ILS critical area boundary signs
42
Q

What kind of sign is the D sign?

A

Taxiway location sign

43
Q

What kind of sign is this?

A

Runway location sign

44
Q

What is this sign called?

Which way does it face?

What does it mean?

A

Runway boundary sign

The runway

If you’re past this sign you’re clear of the runway

45
Q

What is this sign called?

How does it work?

What does it mean?

A

ILS critical area boundary sign

Works the same as a runway boundary sign

If you’re past the sign you’re clear of the ILS critical area

46
Q

These airport signs have black text on a yellow background. They display an arrow directing you to a taxiway, runway, or area.

A

Direction signs

47
Q

What kind of a sign is the one with the arrows?

A

Taxiway direction sign

48
Q

What kind of sign is this?

A

Runway direction sign

49
Q

This type of sign looks the same as a direction sign but it shows the direction you need to go to arrive at a place.

A

Destination signs

50
Q

What kind of sign is this?

A

Destination sign

51
Q

These signs feature black inscriptions on a yellow background. The inscriptions are usually pieces of text containing important information

A

Information signs

52
Q

What kind of signs are these?

A

Information signs

53
Q

What kind of sign is this?

How much runway is remaining?

A

Runway distance remaining sign

2,000’

54
Q

What do the yellow arrows indicate?

You cannot use a relocated threshold area for…

But you can use it for…

A

Relocated threshold

takeoff or landing

taxiing

55
Q

Runway Safety Areas (RSA) is a defined surface surrounding the runway prepared for reducing the risk of damage to airplanes in the event of an _________, _________, or _________ from the runway.

A

undershoot, overshoot, or excursion

56
Q

What are the categories of airports?

A
  • Commercial
  • Cargo
  • Reliever
  • General aviation (<2.5k boardings annually)
57
Q

What are the types of airports?

How are they subdivided?

A
  • Towered
  • Nontowered
    • Civil airports
    • Military/Federal government airports
    • Private airports
58
Q

What is the preferred method for entering a traffic pattern at a nontowered airport on the traffic pattern side ?

What are the ways if coming from the non-traffic pattern side of the airport?

A

45* to the downwind at midfield

Cross over at midfield at least 500’ above pattern altitude. Two miles from pattern descend, do teardrop to make 45* downwind entry

Midfield crosswind at pattern altitude, less preferred than midfield teardrop

59
Q

What is the difference between Primary and Nonprimary airports?

A
  • Primary (>10k boardings annually)
  • Non-primary(2.5k-10k boardings)
60
Q

This is on a runway. What is it called?

What is it used for?

A

Land and hold short point

Land and hold short operations (LAHSO)

61
Q

What kind of sign is this?

What does it mean?

A

Destination sign

  • Runway 20 threshold is to the left
  • Runways 32, 2, 14 thresholds are to the right
  • Currently on taxiway Bravo and taxiway November will take you to those runways
62
Q

Airport beacons are normally operated from ______ until ______. Sometimes they are turned on if the ceiling is less than _____ and/or the ground visibility is less than ____. However, there is no requirement for this, so a pilot has the responsibility of determining if the weather meets _____ requirements.

A

dusk until dawn
1,000’
3sm
VFR

63
Q

What type of airport’s beacon flashes white and green?

A

Civilian land airport

64
Q

What type of airport’s beacon flashes white and yellow?

A

Water airport

65
Q

What type of airport’s beacon flashes white, yellow, and green?

A

Heliport

66
Q

How does a military airport’s beacon flash?

A

Two quick white flashes and then a green flash

67
Q

Approach light systems are primarily intended to provide a means to…

They can also aid pilots in operating under…

A

transition from instrument flight to visual flight for landing.

VFR at night.

68
Q

Visual Approach Slope Indicators (VASI) provide obstruction clearance within ____ of the extended runway centerline and up to ____ from the runway threshold

A

10*
4 nm

69
Q

There are 2-bar and 3-bar VASIs. The 2-bar provide a visual glidepath that is normally set to ___. The 3-bar system provides two glidepaths. The lower glidepath is normally set at ___ and the upper glide path ____ above the lower glide path.

A

3*
3*
1/4*

70
Q

What kind of visual glideslope indicator is this?

A

Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI)

71
Q

What kind of visual glideslope indicator is this?

A

Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI)

72
Q

What kind of visual glideslope indicator is this?

A

3-bar VASI

73
Q

What kind of visual glide slope indicator is this?
Amber =
Green =
Amber =
Red =

A

Tri-color visual glideslope indicator

Above GS
On GS
Slightly below GS
Below GS

74
Q

What kind of visual glideslope indicator is this?
Above GS =
On GS =
Slightly below GS =
Below GS =

A

Pulsating VASI

Pulsating white
Steady white
Steady red
Pulsating red

75
Q

What are the two synchronized, flashing lights on each corner of the runway landing threshold called?

A

Runway end identifier lights

76
Q

What color are runway edge lights?

What about on instrument runways?

A

White

Yellow on the last 2,000’ or half the runway, whichever is less

77
Q

What are the red lights at the end called?

What about the green lights at the bottom?

A

Runway end lights

Runway threshold lights

78
Q

What runway lights are installed on some precision approach runways to facilitate landing under poor adverse visibility conditions?

When viewed from the runway threshold they are ______ until the last 3,000’ feet of the runway. The white lights begin to alternate with ____ for the next 2,000’. The remaining 1,000’ of runway centerline lights are ____.

A

Runway centerline lighting system (RCLS)

white
red
red

79
Q

What are these lights called?

A

Touchdown zone lights

80
Q

What are these lights called?

A

Taxiway centerline lead-off lights

81
Q

What are these lights called?

A

Taxiway centerline lead-on lights

82
Q

What are these lights called? This is a Land and Hold Short Point.

A

Land and Hold Short Lights

83
Q

What are these blue lights?

A

Taxiway edge lights

84
Q

What color are taxiway centerline lights?

A

Green

85
Q

What are these lights called?

Where are they installed?

A

Clearance bar lights

Holding positions on taxiways

86
Q

What are these called?

They could also be in a row of in-pavement yellow lights installed across the entire taxiway.

A

Runway guard lights

87
Q

These lights consist of a row of red, steady burning in-pavement lights installed across the entire taxiway at the runway holding position, and elevated steady burning red lights on each side. Following clearance to proceed, they are turned off and lead-on lights are turned on. They’re automatically reset by a sensor or timer.

A

Stop bar lights

88
Q

These airport lights warn pilots of obstructions both on and off the airport during daytime and nighttime. They can be ____ at night or ______ during the day and be ________ and/or ________ to mark obstructions.

A

red
white

steady and/or flashing

Obstruction Lights

89
Q

These airport light systems are designed to provide a direct indication to you that it is unsafe to enter a runway, cross a runway, or takeoff from or land on a runway when the system is activated.

A

Runway Status Lights (RWSL) systems

90
Q

What are the two types of Runway Status Lights?

A
  • Runway Entrance Lights (REL)
  • Takeoff Hold Lights (THL)
91
Q

What kind of lights are these?

Red means…

A

Runway Entrance Lights (RELs)

STOP! Unsafe to enter runway

92
Q

What are these lights called?

A

Takeoff Hold Lights (TOL)

93
Q

The little end of the wind sock points in the direction…

A

the wind is blowing

94
Q

When a wind sock and wind tee are collocated, the wind tee indicates…

A

landing direction.

95
Q

The small end of a tetrahedron point in the direction of _______.

A

landing

96
Q

What runway should you use for landing?

Standard left TP for runway 18?

If you were going to land runway 22, would you do left or right traffic?

A

18, tetrahedron points in direction of landing.

No, right traffic based on the landing strip indicators and traffic pattern indicators.

Left traffic

97
Q

What is the recommended traffic pattern altitude?

A

1,000’ AGL, unless otherwise established

98
Q

If remaining in the traffic pattern after takeoff, commence turn to crosswind leg beyond the departure end of the runway within _____ feet of pattern altitude.

A

300

99
Q

If departing the traffic pattern after takeoff, continue _______ _____, or exit with a ____ degree turn to the traffic pattern side after reaching ________ _______.

A

straight out

45

pattern altitude

100
Q

In the event of a radio receiver fail, what should you do?

A

Announce your intentions and follow light gun signals

101
Q

If your radio transmitter fails, how can you acknowledge ATC instructions during daytime?

And at nighttime?

A

Rocking the wings

Blink your landing light

102
Q

LIGHT GUN SIGNALS

Steady GREEN
- On ground =
- In flight =

Flashing GREEN
- On ground =
- In flight =

Steady RED
- On ground =
- In flight =

Flashing RED
- On ground =
- In flight =

Flashing WHITE

Alternating RED and GREEN

A

Cleared for takeoff
Cleared to land

Cleared to taxi
Return for landing

STOP
Give way to another aircraft

Taxi clear of the runway
Do not land

Return to starting point on airport

Exercise extreme caution!!!

Pilot Knowledge (18 decks)

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