Regulation of Respiration Flashcards
why is regulation of respiration important?
- maintaing oxygen levels
- eliminating carbon dioxide
- pH regulation (by means of CO2)
what happens to pH when there is carbon dioxide build-up?
respiratory acidosis
what happens to pH when there is excessive clearance of CO2?
respiratory alkalosis
what are the three respiratory control centres?
- neurons in the brain stem
- medullary rhythmic centre
- pons respiratory centres
neurons in the brain stem are responsible for what respiratory activities?
- generate rhythm
- stimulate respiratory muscles
- integrate feedback signals
what important centres are found in the medullary rhythmic centre?
- pre-botzinger complex
- dorsal respiratory group
- ventral respiratory group
What respiratory centres are found in the pons?
- apneustic area
2. pneumotaxic area
the DRG (dorsal respiratory group) controls efferent activity of what 2 nerves?
- phrenic nerve –> diaphragm
2. external intercostal nerves –> ribcage expansion
what group drives active expiration ?
ventral respiratory group (VRG)
the ventral respiratory group controls efferent activity of what two actions?
- ribcage compression - internal intercostal nerves
2. push diaphragm up - abdominal muscles
what does the RTN (retrotrapezoid nucleus) chemoreceptor respond to?
sensitive to CO2 but not sensitive to O2. Responds to Co2 related pH changes (Detects H ions)
What is responsible for peripheral chemoreception?
carotid body and aortic body
What does the carotid body respond to?
low partial pressure of oxygen not oxygen content. Also provides rapid response to partial pressure of carbon dioxide and pH (CO2 independent)
what is the principle role of the aortic body?
baroreception for blood pressure
