Regulation Of Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Metabolic rate
Amount of energy that is used over a specific amount of time
-Equal to average metabolic rate of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
- changes depending on physical activity
Basal metabolic rate
Metabolic rate of organism at rest
-65% of daily energy needs
- differs by gender, age, muscle
Resting metabolic rate of muscle is 3x higher than fat
What are the alternatives to glucose
Proteins, fats,
High demand cells
Muscle and brain cells
These cells have developed an extra battery’ when demands are low ATP builds up and phosphorylates
créatine → créatine phosphate
How dues creatine work
When wave of energy is needed energy comes from ATP and creative phosphate
What are excess aa converted into
Converted by enzymes to glycolysis and citric acid intermediate molecules
What is it called when an amino group nh 3 is removed
Deamination
What happens when proteas are consumed for energy?
If proteins are consumed for every the organism loses enzymes important for biochemical reactions
Starvation
How are fats used as an alternative to glucose
Energy is harvested from consumed fats or from adipose tissue inbody
Fat macromolecules are digested back to glycerol and fatty acid chains
What does glycerol get converted into?
Glyceraldyhyde 3-phosphate
Through what process is fatty acid converted into acetyl-coa
Beta oxidation
What is generated in beta oxidation
N a d h and fadh2
What happens to excess fat eaten
Glycerol and fatty acids are assembled into triglycerides for long term energy storage
What influences the direction of reactions
Quantity of intermediate molecules
How is precursor activation used
Excess blood glucose it binds to allosteric site turning on glycogen synthesis
