Cell Organelles Flashcards
Where are ribosomes created? And how dues it make it to the endoplasmic reticulum?
Nucleolus once it is produced it exits nucleus through nuclear pores and free floats in the cytoplasm or attaches to endoplasmie reticulum
Ribosomes
Produes proteins such as enzymes
Synthesis of protein is coded through n-basesof genes from DNA of nucleus
RNA is transcribed and carried to ribsome
Vesicles
Ribosome attached to Er form proteins that budd off to form vesicles
Vesicles float through cytoplasm and are secreted by cell (exocytusis)
Vesicles may fuse with Golgi body if the poly peptide requires prosthetic groups
Prophetic group
Sugar, metal ions, lipids
What happens after prosthetic group is added to polypeptide?
Becomes functioning protein
Resides bud off Golgi body and are released via exocytosis or float in cytoplasm
If the vesicle contains digestive enzymes they are lysosomes
What happens to lysosomes in acidic environments?
Lysosomes activate their digestive enzymes and engulf organcells to chemically break them down with digestive enzymes The net rent monomers are absorbed into cytoplasm for reuse
What do lysosomes do?
Ingestible waste like monosacchandes, a.a, glycerol, fatty acids are absorbed into cytoplasm through exocytosis
Responsible for breaking down old and damaged cell organcedles
Phagocytosis
Larger molecules or bacteria
Amereba or others engulfing smaller
Pinocytosis
Small molecules such as proteins and starch forming food vacuoles
How is “food” macromoles broken down when fused to lysonsones?
Hydrolysis
What encases a cell?
Cell membrane and cell wall (plants)
Separates in side from outside
Made up of phospholipid bilayer
Cytoplasm I cytosol
Jelly like substance suspends organelles
Golgi apparatus
When proteins emerge from rer as vesicles
Central vacuole
Stores water found in plant cells
Lysosome
Take in danger or worn out cells filled with enzymes
