regulation of breathing a cough L3 Flashcards

1
Q

two types of respiration

A

external and internal

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2
Q

what is external respiration

A

transfer of gas between respiratory organs–lungs and the outer environment

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3
Q

what is internal respiration

A

transfer of gas between the blood and cells

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4
Q

why is there a cough reflex

A

to prevent us from aspirating

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5
Q

what type of reflex is cough

A

vagal

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6
Q

e.g of a cough receptor

A

VR1 chilli receptor

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7
Q

what family is the chilli receptor in

A

TRP

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8
Q

where are the central respiratory centres

A

in the medulla

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9
Q

what is the central control of respiration

A

dorsal respiratory group and ventral respiratory group

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10
Q

3 muscles of external respiration

A

diaphragm
external intercostals
internal intercostals

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11
Q

what do external intercostals do

A

same pattern as diaphragm

breathing in

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12
Q

what do internal intercostals do

A

active breathing out

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13
Q

what does carbonic anhydrase do

A

adds CO2 to H2O to make carbonic acid

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14
Q

how does the ventral medulla respond to low blood pH

A

increasing breathing rate

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15
Q

what does metabolic acidosis cause

A

hyperventilation and acute renal failure

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16
Q

what happens to CO2 in respiratory failure

A

CO2 is retained,

17
Q

what happens in type 2 respiratory failure

A

Co2 is retained so kidneys retain bicarbonate to balance pH

18
Q

in type 2 respiratory failure what is the drive to breath maintained by

A

hypoxic drive

19
Q

where is the main peripheral hypoxic chemoreceptor

A

carotid sinus

20
Q

3 sensory inputs for respiratory control

A

peripheral- exercise
respiratory tract
Vagus nerve

21
Q

what is partial pressure

A

the pressure exerted by any one gas in a mixture of gases or in a liquid