regulation of breathing a cough L3 Flashcards
two types of respiration
external and internal
what is external respiration
transfer of gas between respiratory organs–lungs and the outer environment
what is internal respiration
transfer of gas between the blood and cells
why is there a cough reflex
to prevent us from aspirating
what type of reflex is cough
vagal
e.g of a cough receptor
VR1 chilli receptor
what family is the chilli receptor in
TRP
where are the central respiratory centres
in the medulla
what is the central control of respiration
dorsal respiratory group and ventral respiratory group
3 muscles of external respiration
diaphragm
external intercostals
internal intercostals
what do external intercostals do
same pattern as diaphragm
breathing in
what do internal intercostals do
active breathing out
what does carbonic anhydrase do
adds CO2 to H2O to make carbonic acid
how does the ventral medulla respond to low blood pH
increasing breathing rate
what does metabolic acidosis cause
hyperventilation and acute renal failure
what happens to CO2 in respiratory failure
CO2 is retained,
what happens in type 2 respiratory failure
Co2 is retained so kidneys retain bicarbonate to balance pH
in type 2 respiratory failure what is the drive to breath maintained by
hypoxic drive
where is the main peripheral hypoxic chemoreceptor
carotid sinus
3 sensory inputs for respiratory control
peripheral- exercise
respiratory tract
Vagus nerve
what is partial pressure
the pressure exerted by any one gas in a mixture of gases or in a liquid
