Gross anatomy of the heart and the coronary circulation L7 Flashcards
4 chambers of the heart
right atrium
left atrium
right ventricle
left ventricle
great vessels
aorta superior vena cava inferior vena cava pulmonary arteries pulmonary vein
roughy where does the heart sit
T5-T8 middle mediastinum
3rd- 6th costal cartilage
2/3 left of midline
pericardium of heart
fibrous pericardium parietal pericardium visceral pericardium myocardium endocardium
3 layers of heart
visceral pericardium (epicardium) myocardium endocardium
2 layers of serous pericardium
parietal pericardium
visceral pericardium
apex of the heart=
left ventricle
base of the heart=
left atrium
sternal surface=
right ventricle
diaphragmatic surface=
left+ right ventricle
general atria shiz
thin walled receiving chambers, fill the ventricles
important in setting the cardiac pace 60bpm
general ventricle shiz
thick muscular walls
slow pace 40bpm
where does the right atrium receive blood from
superior and inferior vena cava
Coronary sinus
where does the coronary sinus drain into
the right atria
what is the smooth wall atria called
sinus venarum
what is the rough wall of the atria covered with
pectinate muscles
what separates the smooth and rough walls interiorly in the atria
crista terminalis
what separates the smooth and rough walls exteriorly in the atria
sulcus terminalis
what does the right atrium empty into
the right ventricle via tricuspid valve
what drains into the left atrium
4 pulmonary veins
what does the left atrium empty into
the left ventricle via mitral valve
how many cusps does the mitral valve have
2 cusps (bicuspid)
what are the raised bundles of cardiac muscle called in the ventricles
trabeculae carnae (prominent)
what connect the ventricles to the valves
papillary muscles and chornae tendineae
which ventricles is larger with thicker walls
left
what are the valves between the ventricles and great vessels called
semi-luna valve
where do all cardiac valves lie
in the same plane
how many valves are aortic and pulmonary
tricuspid
how many sinuses does the aorta have
3
name the 3 aortic sinuses
right aortic sinus (anterior)
left aortic sinus (left posterior)
posterior aortic sinus (right posterior)
where does the right coronary artery come from
right aortic sinus
where does the left coronary artery come from
left aortic sinus
when do the coronary arteries fill
during diastole
main branches off left coronary artery
circumflex
left anterior descending
where does the circumflex supply blood to
left atrium, side and back of left ventricle
where does left anterior descending supply blood to
front and bottom left ventricle and the front inter-ventricular septum
what is the left anterior descending also called
the widow maker
right coronary artery branches into
marginal artery and posterior descending artery
what does the right coronary artery supply
SA node in 60% of people and AV node in 80%
where does the marginal artery branch off to
inferior border to apex
what shape is formed from the marginal and right coronary artery
L shape
what does the great cardiac vein accompany
left anterior descending
what does the middle cardiac vein accompany
posterior descending
what does the small cardiac vein accompany
marginal artery
where does the oblique cardiac vein go
descends from L atrium
which cardiac veins drain into the coronary sinus
great, middle, small and oblique
