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Block 2 Ellen > Gross anatomy of the heart and the coronary circulation L7 > Flashcards

Gross anatomy of the heart and the coronary circulation L7 Flashcards

1
Q

4 chambers of the heart

A

right atrium
left atrium
right ventricle
left ventricle

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2
Q

great vessels

A 
aorta
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
pulmonary arteries 
pulmonary vein
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3
Q

roughy where does the heart sit

A

T5-T8 middle mediastinum
3rd- 6th costal cartilage
2/3 left of midline

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4
Q

pericardium of heart

A 
fibrous pericardium 
parietal pericardium 
visceral pericardium 
myocardium 
endocardium
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5
Q

3 layers of heart

A 
visceral pericardium (epicardium)
myocardium 
endocardium
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6
Q

2 layers of serous pericardium

A

parietal pericardium

visceral pericardium

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7
Q

apex of the heart=

A

left ventricle

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8
Q

base of the heart=

A

left atrium

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9
Q

sternal surface=

A

right ventricle

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10
Q

diaphragmatic surface=

A

left+ right ventricle

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11
Q

general atria shiz

A

thin walled receiving chambers, fill the ventricles

important in setting the cardiac pace 60bpm

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12
Q

general ventricle shiz

A

thick muscular walls

slow pace 40bpm

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13
Q

where does the right atrium receive blood from

A

superior and inferior vena cava

Coronary sinus

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14
Q

where does the coronary sinus drain into

A

the right atria

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15
Q

what is the smooth wall atria called

A

sinus venarum

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16
Q

what is the rough wall of the atria covered with

A

pectinate muscles

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17
Q

what separates the smooth and rough walls interiorly in the atria

A

crista terminalis

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18
Q

what separates the smooth and rough walls exteriorly in the atria

A

sulcus terminalis

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19
Q

what does the right atrium empty into

A

the right ventricle via tricuspid valve

20
Q

what drains into the left atrium

A

4 pulmonary veins

21
Q

what does the left atrium empty into

A

the left ventricle via mitral valve

22
Q

how many cusps does the mitral valve have

A

2 cusps (bicuspid)

23
Q

what are the raised bundles of cardiac muscle called in the ventricles

A

trabeculae carnae (prominent)

24
Q

what connect the ventricles to the valves

A

papillary muscles and chornae tendineae

25
Q

which ventricles is larger with thicker walls

A

left

26
Q

what are the valves between the ventricles and great vessels called

A

semi-luna valve

27
Q

where do all cardiac valves lie

A

in the same plane

28
Q

how many valves are aortic and pulmonary

A

tricuspid

29
Q

how many sinuses does the aorta have

A

3

30
Q

name the 3 aortic sinuses

A

right aortic sinus (anterior)
left aortic sinus (left posterior)
posterior aortic sinus (right posterior)

31
Q

where does the right coronary artery come from

A

right aortic sinus

32
Q

where does the left coronary artery come from

A

left aortic sinus

33
Q

when do the coronary arteries fill

A

during diastole

34
Q

main branches off left coronary artery

A

circumflex

left anterior descending

35
Q

where does the circumflex supply blood to

A

left atrium, side and back of left ventricle

36
Q

where does left anterior descending supply blood to

A

front and bottom left ventricle and the front inter-ventricular septum

37
Q

what is the left anterior descending also called

A

the widow maker

38
Q

right coronary artery branches into

A

marginal artery and posterior descending artery

39
Q

what does the right coronary artery supply

A

SA node in 60% of people and AV node in 80%

40
Q

where does the marginal artery branch off to

A

inferior border to apex

41
Q

what shape is formed from the marginal and right coronary artery

A

L shape

42
Q

what does the great cardiac vein accompany

A

left anterior descending

43
Q

what does the middle cardiac vein accompany

A

posterior descending

44
Q

what does the small cardiac vein accompany

A

marginal artery

45
Q

where does the oblique cardiac vein go

A

descends from L atrium

46
Q

which cardiac veins drain into the coronary sinus

A

great, middle, small and oblique

Block 2 Ellen (11 decks)

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