peripheral resistance control of Bp L12 Flashcards

1
Q

unit of cardiac output

A

Q

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2
Q

equation of cardiac output

A

Q= change in pressure/ resistance

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3
Q

Blood pressure cal=

A

cardiac output x resistance

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4
Q

blood flow is determined by

A

diameter of a vessel

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5
Q

resistance means

A

the impediment to blood flow along a vessel

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6
Q

what is short term control of blood pressure

A

neurological -ANS

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7
Q

where are sympathetic fibres to

A

all vessels in the body except capillaries

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8
Q

what do sympathetic fibres release

A

noradrenaline

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9
Q

what receptors does noradrenaline interact with

A

alpha receptors

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10
Q

what does alpha receptor stimulation cause

A

vasocontriction= increased peripheral resistance

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11
Q

what does venous constriction cause

A

increased venous return which increases cardiac output

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12
Q

what cardiac effects does the sympathetic nervous system have

A

increase HR
inotropic effect (pump stronger)
lusitropic effect

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13
Q

at rest what is there an underlying stimulation of

A

sympathetic NS

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14
Q

what receptors detect pressure

A

baroreceptors

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15
Q

where are baroreceptors

A

arch of aorta

carotid sinuses

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16
Q

where are the carotid sinuses

A

in internal carotid arterties

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17
Q

what do baroreceptors detect

A

stretch

18
Q

what do baroreceptors effect

A

they cause increased/ decreased sympathetic outflow

19
Q

chemically a decreased Bp causes

A

a decreased PaO2

20
Q

what detects decreased PaO2

A

chemoreceptors

21
Q

what is long term Bp control

A

hormonal

22
Q

2 renal controls of Bp

A

pressure diuresis

renin angiotensin system (RAAS)

23
Q

what is pressure diuresis

A

increased Bp–> increased blood flow to kidneys–> increased urination—> decreased BP

24
Q

what does a increased salt and water intake mean

A

higher Bp

25
Q

what hormone is released after a fall in Bp

A

renin

26
Q

what does renin do

A

converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1

27
Q

what does ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme do)

A

converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2

28
Q

what does angiotensin 2 do

A

works on AT1 and AT2 receptors

29
Q

what do AT1 and AT2 receptors do

A

vasocontriction
vascular hypertrophy
aldosterone release

30
Q

what does aldosterone do

A

induces salt and water retention

31
Q

what other hormones respond to pressure

A
natriuretic peptides
arginine vasopressin (ADH)
32
Q

what does natriuretic peptide do

A

respond to stretch—> salt loss and vasodilation

33
Q

what does arginine vasopressin do

A

vasoconstriction

water retention

34
Q

ending of ACE inhibitors

A

-pril

35
Q

ending of angiotensin receptor blockers

A

-Sartan

36
Q

what do steroids do

A

interfere with action of aldosterone

37
Q

what can alpha blockers do

A

block alpha receptors so noradrenaline can’t bind decreasing peripheral resistance and Bp

38
Q

what do beta blockers do

A

block beta receptors so noradrenaline can’t bind (SNS) decreasing peripheral resistance and heart rate

39
Q

what do calcium antagonists end in

A

-ipine

40
Q

what do calcium antagonists do

A

cause vasodilation by inhibiting Ca2+ from entering smooth muscle cells