Registry Organization & Operations Flashcards
The process of matching data from different sources is called__________
Data linkage
What are the two possible methods of demographic matching?
Deterministic and probabilistic
What is the standard in North America for tumor data matching?
SEER’s Multiple Primary Rules
What is the purpose of record consolidation?
To ensure that all cancer data for a patient is only counted once
What is the key to successfully linking data files?
Electronic patient matching
Which type of electronic patient matching requires records in two data files to be an exact match to be considered the same patient?
Deterministic
Which type of electronic patient matching relies on a score or weight created by comparing key fields in patient records?
Probabilistic
Which is the preferred method of patient demographic matching and why?
Probabilistic because it allows a match even if all fields aren’t exactly the same.
Why is it crucial for central registries to perform patient linkage before accepting new files?
Because central registries accept data from many different sources, and data linkage identifies potential patient duplicates.
What is it called when matched data is combined from two or more records for the same patient and tumor in order to produce a best value for each variable in the record?
Record consolidation
Why is consolidating multiple records received on a cancer patient an essential function of central registries?
Because it ensures data quality and prevents duplicate records.
Record consolidation is the same as patient demographic, tumor, or record linkage.
True or False?
False.
Which comes first in the processing cycle, record consolidation or data linkage?
Data linkage.
An example of the data linkage and consolidation process in the cancer registry is the _________ system.
Suspense
What is the risk of not linking and consolidating records correctly and consistently?
Cancers may be over counted or undercounted.
A nationwide facility-based oncology data set that currently captures approximately 70% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases in the United States annually and contains almost 26 million records from hospital cancer registries is the _____
National Cancer Data Base
Which two organizations established and jointly fund the National Cancer Data Base?
The American Cancer Society (ACS) and the American College of Surgeons (ACoS)
Only cases that are Class of Case 00 through 22 are submitted to the NCDB. All other Classes of Case will be rejected if submitted.
True or False?
True.
A non-profit, independent organization that accredits over 21,000 health care programs and organizations. Their accreditation and certification standards are national symbols of quality, safety and high performance.
The Joint Commission (JCAHO)
Which reports provide feedback to CoC-accredited cancer programs on their performance of breast and colorectal cancer quality measures in an effort to assure the completeness of data in the registry and ultimately improve patient care?
The CoC’s CP3R (Cancer Program Practice Profile Reports)
What are the two primary uses of central cancer registry data?
- Population-based cancer research.
2. Cancer control.
The reduction of cancer incidence, mortality, and morbidity is called cancer ______
Control
A non-CTR may perform abstracting under the supervision of a CTR, but must obtain the CTR certification within ____years of the date of hire.
3
What type of registry evaluates suspected cancer clusters within communities?
Central cancer registry or population-based registry
What are the three types of cancer registry?
- Hospital based.
- Population based.
- Specialty registry.
Which type of registry is considered to be the foundation of cancer surveillance in the US?
Hospital-based registry
What type of registry maintains data on all patients diagnosed and/treated for cancer at a particular facility or facilities?
Hospital-based registry
The focus of the hospital registry is on _____ care and hospital _____.
Clinical, administration
Most population-based registries do not collect active follow-up information.
True or False?
True. Active follow-up information is collected by hospital-based registries.
What type of cancer registry has an emphasis on epidemiology and public health, and are designed to determine cancer patterns among various populations?
Population-based/central cancer registry
A term which means the close monitoring of the occurrence of selected health conditions in the population.
Surveillance
The ultimate goal of _____ is to use the data collected to create policies and programs to promote health and prevent disease.
Surveillance
In 1926, the oldest example of a modern cancer registry was established in ______ (city & country).
Hamburg, Germany
Most population-based registries do not collect active follow-up information.
True or False?
True. Active follow-up information is collected by hospital-based registries.
What type of cancer registry has an emphasis on epidemiology and public health, and are designed to determine cancer patterns among various populations?
Population-based/central cancer registry
The US has two agencies that provide national cancer data. What are they?
The SEER Program and
The National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) Cancer Surveillance System (CSS).
Which agency collects data annually from all NPCR programs?
The Cancer Surveillance System (CSS)
Which agency collects and publishes cancer incidence and survival data from population-based cancer registries covering approximately 26% of the US population?
SEER
The National Program of Cancer Registries’ (NPCR) data covers ____% of the population?
96%
What nationwide oncology outcomes database is the oldest and largest special population-based registry in the US, and covers more than 1400 CoC-approved cancer programs?
The National Cancer Database (NCDB)
The Gilda Radner Familial Ovarian Cancer Registry and the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the US (CBTRUS) are examples of what type of cancer registry?
A specialty cancer registry
Which type of registry reports incidence data to National organizations?
A. Hospital-based registry.
B. Population-based registry.
C. Both A and B
C. Both A and B
In what year did the NCRA establish the CTR credential?
1983
A cancer registry program has been a mandatory standard for CoC accreditation of a hospital cancer program since what year?
1956
Since 1991, the CoC requires the use of the AJCC Manual for Staging Cancer staging of all sites.
True or False?
True
What type of cancer staging was formed as a joint project between the AJCC, SEER, the CDC, and NAACCR, and established a single dataset with unified collection rules and standards?
Collaborative Staging
What was the second organization to establish standards for cancer data collection?
SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results).
SEER is a population-based cancer registry.
True or False?
True.
Which two organizations collaborated to develop the surgery-specific codes in the 1980s?
SEER and the CoC
Which organization, founded in 1987, represents and serves as a forum for the organization, operation, quality control, and statistical reporting of population-based registries?
NAACCR (North American Association of Central Cancer Registries).
NAACCR’s ______ Committee provides a formal mechanism for reviewing and recommending proposed changes in data codes.
Uniform Data Standards (UDS)
NAACCR offers a voluntary certification program to member
registries who meet the standard criteria for their ability to produce complete, accurate, and timely data.
True or False?
True.
NPCR conducts a continuous program of data assessment through Data Completeness and Quality Audits of their programs once every ____ years.
5
In 1996, the _____ was formed to foster the exchange of information between cancer registries internationally and to improve the quality of data and comparability between registries.
International Association of Cancer Registries (IACR)
What 1992 law authorized the CDC to provide funds to states and territories to improve cancer registries, create new ones, and established the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR)?
Public Law 102-515, the Cancer Registries Amendment Act
A ____ set is a collection of items maintained by a registry.
Data
A ______ data item is a data item whose codes, definitions, and coding instructions are shared among registry organizations.
Standard
A ________ in cancer registration is the collection of standard data items defined as the minimal data set required by an applicable standard-setting organization.
Standard data set
A _____ defines the data items in a registry data set.
Data dictionary
The standardization of cancer data is complete and unchanging.
True or False?
False. Standardization is ongoing and will always be in flux as registries respond to advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A term that refers to the consistency in which varied organizations and software systems handle the transmission of similar information.
Interoperability
A messaging standard that enables different applications to exchange key sets of clinical and administrative data standards is called _____
HL7 or Health Level 7
A term that refers to how likely different people are to arrive at the same data code, given the same information.
Reliability
As a general rule, if a standard item definition already exists for a concept to be measured, use of the standard definition and codes is preferable to creating a new item.
True or False?
True
NAACCR’s ______ Committee was established in 2005 to ensure coordination in the development and implementation of major data items, standards, and procedures related to cancer registration.
Cancer Registration Steering Conmittee
Any hospital or central registry can create additional data items for its own use and for maximal efficiency and consistency.
True or False?
True
Hospitals provide nearly all cancer registry data.
True or False?
True
What kind of study evaluates how long it takes employees to do a particular task, and how the work transitions from one task to another?
A time-motion study
What kind of budget is prepared by top management, passed down to primary departments and then sub departments?
A top-down budget
In what kind of budget do subdepartmental managers or supervisors submit annual budgets to management to be approved?
A bottom-up budget
What kind of budget is prepared as if it’s being done for the first time and starts with a budget of zero?
A zero-based budget
The majority of registries have what kind of budget?
A top-down budget
What kind of budget is sometimes called a strategic business plan and is essential to allow time to prepare for growth and associated costs?
A 5-year budget
What are the four sections of a budget?
- Capital purchases
- Salaries
- Supplies
- Fixed costs
In a budget, rent, utilities, and housekeeping are classified as ____ costs.
Fixed
Disposable items such as paper and ink are classified in a budget as ______
Supplies
The _____ budget covers items such as furniture, computers, or any equipment that has a life expectancy of more than a year.
Capital
The ____ budget includes salaries, benefits, disposable supplies, and fixed costs.
Operating
How frequently should budgets be reviewed to determine whether the registry stayed within expected costs in all areas?
Annually
A CTR must complete ____ hours of continuing education credits every _____ years to maintain a certified status.
20, 2
Most central cancer registries now make use of a GIS in some form. What does GIS stand for?
Geographic Information System
A _____ can rapidly calculate how spatial objects are connected to each other, making it easy to calculate the number of cancer cases located within a particular distance from some location.
GIS
A map depicting data is known as a ____ map.
Thematic
The most common type of thematic map is the _____ map, in which each geographic area is shaded by a different color.
Choropleth
Assigning geographic information to a cancer patient’s record based on the patient’s usual place of residence is called ______
Geocoding
Term meaning to divide a text string, like an address, into smaller component parts.
Parse
A form of data analysis that incorporates information about the geographic location of events.
Spatial analysis
____ detection is the process of identifying geographic areas that have unusually high or unusually low occurrences of cancer.
Cluster
One of the first federal laws to protect patient privacy was the ______ Act of 1974.
Privacy
Which act set minimum standards for confidentiality of patient health information?
HIPAA
States may enact their own privacy standards. Which standards must the cancer registry follow?
A. HIPAA standards.
B. The state standards.
C. Whichever standards are stricter.
C. Whichever standards are stricter.
Which part of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 is considered its safety and privacy portion?
Part 164
What is PHI?
Protected health information
Part 164 of HIPAA is known as the ____ Rule.
Privacy
Most registry functions are carried out under the _____ umbrella of HIPAA regulations known as “consent for uses and disclosures to carry out treatment, payment, or healthcare operations.”
Operations
HIPAA’s federal provisions overrule individual state privacy requirements that are stricter.
True or False?
False. The stricter rule, regardless of whether it’s HIPAA or a state rule, is the one that must be followed.
Which act established the first federal requirements for reporting breaches of personal health data?
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)
Under which Act may a cancer registrar be held personally accountable for a breach of protected health information?
A. HIPAA
B. ARRA
C. MPRA
D. All of the above.
B. ARRA
Under HIPAA, a facility must maintain an record of what, where, when, to whom, and for what purpose any PHI was disclosed without patient consent for ____ years after disclosure.
6
If a medical record is subpoenaed by a court, which part may be released to the requesting attorney?
Only the part or parts requested
The cancer registry abstract is not an official legal document, and is usually not subject to subpoena.
True or False?
True
Computer hardware in a cancer registry should be replaced at least every ___ years and optimally every ___ years.
5, 3
A computer network that covers a small geographic area such as a home, office, or group of buildings is called a _____
LAN (local area network)
A _______ is a computer network that covers a broad area. For example, any network whose communications links cross-regional and metropolitan boundaries over a long distance.
WAN (wide area network)
A term referring to the operational and technical mechanisms that protect confidential data.
Security
This term defines the permissible means of access, use, and disclosure of a patient’s protected health information.
Privacy
What term refers to a socially defined standard of care for the protection of others against unreasonable risks?
Duty of care
The key issue for legal consideration is whether a _____ exists for the healthcare organization to provide adequate security and privacy.
Duty of care
HIPAA protects _______ health information, which refers to any information related to the condition of the patient, treatment, or billing that reasonably identifies the patient.
Individually identifiable
Together, _____ and _____ form a team of protections that prevent unintended access, use, and disclosure of confidential information.
Privacy, security
Which hospitals are required to submit data to the state cancer registry?
A. Hospitals with CoC approved cancer programs.
B. Hospitals without CoC approved cancer programs.
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above.
C. Both A and B
CaBIG was sponsored by the
A. National Cancer Institute
B. Commission on Cancer
C. National Program of Cancer Registries
D. International Association of Cancer Registries
A. National Cancer Institute
The latest release of an application is generally the only version of the application available to users on a given browser.
True or False
True
What expression is used to describe the capability of different registries being able to read, write, and exchange data via a common set of exchange formats?
Interoperability
The hospital cancer registry data set should include data items required by
A. The state.
B. The hospital.
C. Both A and B.
D. None of the above.
C. Both A and B
It is illegal to access medical records of family, friends, or celebrities to read the information.
True or False?
True
Congress granted regulatory powers to which of the following agencies?
A. SEER and NAACCR.
B. NPCR and NAACCR.
C. NPCR and CoC.
D. SEER and NPCR.
D. SEER and NPCR.
Which of the following does not need a human action in order to spread from computer to computer?
A. Worm
B. Virus
C. Trojan Horse
D. None of the above
A. Worm
Administrative permission is required before any data is transmitted to the central cancer registry or any other entity.
True or False?
True.
