Oncology Flashcards
Nationally standardized recommendations for healthcare developed for the purpose of improving the quality of patient care and treatment outcomes are called ____
Clinical practice guidelines
The most comprehensive and most frequently updated and used clinical practice guidelines are developed by the ______
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)
Which organization’s guidelines are focused on a single question or group of questions around an important topic?
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Which organization created guidelines related to nursing care, symptom management, and other aspects of patient care to help nurses make proper decisions in the education and management of their patients?
The Oncology Nursing Society
The Joint Commission requires that clinical practice guidelines are fully integrated into a facility’s cancer program.
True or False?
True
A set of technical specifications that define how to calculate and rate an important indicator of quality is called a ______ measure.
Performance
Clinical practice guidelines are not required by CoC accredited facilities.
True or False?
False. Clinical practice guidelines are required for CoC accreditation.
The CoC recommends but does not require clinical patient guidelines to be used when discussing treatment options at Cancer Conferences.
True or False?
True
An emerging movement in healthcare insurance that rewards providers for meeting pre-established targets for delivering healthcare services is called _____
Pay for performance
The most common route of chemotherapeutic administration is
A. Intravenously.
B. Orally.
C. Intra-arterially.
D. Topically.
A. Intravenously.
What contributes to the initial development of clinical practice guidelines (CPG)?
A.Clinical trial results
B. Fee-for-service payment analyses
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b)
A.Clinical trial results
What practice(s) is included in Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG)?
A. An assessment of the benefits and harms of alternative care options
B. Recommendations intended to optimize patient care that involve evidence-based medicine
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b)
C. Both (a) and (b)
Herceptin is an example of a/an ____ drug.
A. Immunotherapy
B. Hormone
C. Chemotherapy
D. Ancillary
A. Immunotherapy
Autologous stem cell transplant is frequently a recommended treatment option for
A. Breast cancer in younger patients
B. Refractory anemia
C. Multiple myeloma
D. Recurrent lung cancer
C. Multiple myeloma
Which of the following is NOT a treatment for prostate carcinoma?
A. Estrogen
B. Orchiectomy
C. Corticosteroids
D. Prostatoseminal vesiculectomy
C. Corticosteroids
Which of the following is a malignant tumor of the smooth muscle?
A. Adenocarcinoma
B. Leiomyosarcoma
C. Teratocarcinoma
D. Rhabdomyosarcoma
B. Leiomyosarcoma
Malignant teratoma arises from
A. Embryonal tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Vascular tissue
A. Embryonal tissue
The presence of Reed-Sternburg cells is diagnostic of
A. Pancoast tumor
B. Bowen’s disease
C. Hodgkin’s disease
D. Kaposi’s sarcoma
C. Hodgkin’s disease
Mycosis fungoides is
A. A malignant neoplasm arising only in striated muscle
B. A virulent fungus
C. A malignant lymphoreticular neoplasm primarily in the skin
D. A tumor of smooth muscle
C. A malignant lymphoreticular neoplasm primarily in the skin
The most common histology of carcinoma of the esophagus is
A. Undifferentiated carcinoma
B. Squamous cell carcinoma
C. Spindle cell carcinoma
D. Adenocarcinoma
B. Squamous cell carcinoma
An anaplastic tumor is
A. Well differentiated
B. Undifferentiated
C. Low grade
D. Stage II
B. Undifferentiated
The most common metastatic site from adenocarcinoma of the prostate is
A. Bone
B. Bladder
C. Brain
D. Rectum
A. Bone
What are three major pathways for metastasis to occur?
Blood stream, Lymphatic system, Fluid exudates
A solid tumor derived from epithelial tissue
A. Sarcoma
B. Carcinoma
C. Adenocarcinoma
D. Melanoma
B. Carcinoma
A type of cancer derived from supportive and connective tissue such as bone, fat, muscle, and cartilage.
A. Carcinoma
B. Adenocarcinoma
C. Sarcoma
D. Melanoma
C. Sarcoma
A type of cancer that develops from melanocytes
A. Melanoma
B. Sarcoma
C. Carcinoma
D. Leukemia
A. Melanoma
A cancer that originates in the bone marrow
A. Adenocarcinoma
B. Lymphoma
C. Leukemia
D. Sarcoma
C. Leukemia
A type of cancer that forms in glandular cells
A. Carcinoma
B. Sarcoma
C. Lymphoma
D. Adenocarcinoma
D. Adenocarcinoma
A type of cancer that arises in lymphoid tissue
A. Adenoma
B. Lymphoma
C. Sarcoma
D. Carcinoma
B. Lymphoma
A term that refers to large, soft, fleshy tumors; common in thyroid and breast
A. Follicular
B. Medullary
C. Nodular
D. Pleomorphic
B. Medullary
What structures make up the boundaries of the anatomic triangle for an axillary lymph node dissection?
A. Chest wall, intercostobrachial nerves and latissimus dorsi
B. Axillary vein, serratus anterior and intercostobrachial nerves
C. Axillary vein, chest wall and intercostobrachial nerves
D. Axillary vein, serratus anterior, and latissimus dorsi
D. Axillary vein, serratus anterior, and latissimus dorsi
A type of glioma (brain tumor) noted for its star like extensions into surrounding tissue.
Astrocytoma
Chemoembolization, a procedure in which the blood supply to a tumor is blocked after anti cancer drugs are given in blood vessels near the tumor, is also referred to as
TACE (Transarterial chemoembolization)
What term refers to measuring the amount of DNA in malignant cells?
DNA Ploidy
What term refers to measuring a specific stage of cell division to assess how aggressive the tumor is?
A. Ploidy status
B. S Phase
C. Flow cytometry
B. S Phase
Most tumor markers are sensitive and specific enough to be used in screening programs.
True or False?
False.
Tumor markers are most useful in detecting early relapse of a malignancy and monitoring the response to therapy.
True or False?
True.
What treatment modality is used to achieve bone marrow ablation?
A. Radiation
B. High dose chemotherapy
C. Immunotherapy
D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
A tumor that shrinks greater than 50% in size after treatment is considered a ______ response.
Partial
What is the patient’s disease status when a tumor decreases by less than 50%?
A. Active disease
B. Partial response to treatment
C. Stable disease
C. Stable disease
What staging system is designed to meet the needs of all three staging systems: TNM, Extent of Disease, and Summary Stage?
Collaborative stage
Duke’s alphabetic staging system is used to stage what kind of cancer?
Colon cancer
Which staging system for melanoma is based on depth of tumor invasion, and ranges from level I through V
Clark Level
Which staging system for melanoma is based on the measurement of tumor thickness in millimeters?
Breslow Depth of Invasion
Which staging system is a modification of the Ann Arbor system and is used by the AJCC to stage Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
Lugano
Which staging system is used as the basis for the AJCC staging GYN chapters?
FIGO
If a patient has an adverse reaction to a chemotherapy drug in a combination regimen, and the replacement drug is from another group, the replacement drug
A. Is still considered First Course of Treatment.
B. Is considered Subsequent Treatment.
C. Is considered Palliative Treatment.
B. Is considered Subsequent Treatment
All therapy administered after a relapse of leukemia is
A. First Course of Treatment
B. Subsequent Treatment
C. Palliative Treatment
B. Subsequent Treatment
If a patient has an adverse reaction to a chemotherapy drug in a combination regimen and the replacement drug is from the same group as the original drug, the replacement drug
A. Is still considered First Course of Treatment
B. Is considered Subsequent Treatment
C. Is considered Palliative Treatment
A. Is still considered First Course of Treatment
Methotrexate is what kind of systemic therapy?
Chemotherapy
Leucovorin is what kind of systemic therapy?
Chemotherapy
5-FU or 5-Fluorouracil is what kind of systemic therapy?
Chemotherapy
Fludarabine and other drugs ending in -ine are what kind of systemic therapy?
Chemotherapy
Taxanes such as Taxol, Taxotere, and paclitaxel are forms of
Chemotherapy
Cisplatin, carboplatin, doxorubicin, and other drugs ending in -in are forms of
Chemotherapy
Lupron, Tamoxifen, Arimidex, and Faslodex are forms of
Hormone therapy
Cimetidine, BCG, interferon, and Herceptin are forms of
Immunotherapy
