Regions of the Brain

Question 1

Broca’s Area

Answer 1

Forebrain - frontal lobe
- Language production

Question 2

Broca’s Aphasia

Answer 2

• Halting speech
• Disordered and repeated words
• Good comprehension

Question 3

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 3

Forebrain - parietal lobe
- Speech comprehension

Question 4

Wernicke’s Aphasia

Answer 4

• Fluent speech
• Minimal repetition + adequate grammar
• Bad comprehension

Question 5

What are the 3 regions of the brain?

Answer 5

1) Hindbrain
2) Midbrain
3) Forebrain

Question 6

Medulla/Medulla Oblongata

Answer 6

Hindbrain
- Cue: “without it, me die”
- Coordinates heart rate, circulation, respiration

Question 7

Reticular Formation

Answer 7

Hindbrain
- Sleep, wakefulness, levels of arousal

Question 8

Cerebellum

Answer 8

Hindbrain
- Fine motor skills

Question 9

Pons

Answer 9

Hindbrain
- Relays info from cerebellum to rest of brain – detailed function still unknown

Question 10

Tectum

Answer 10

Midbrain
- Orients an organism in their environment

Question 11

Tegmentum

Answer 11

Midbrain
- Movement and arousal, homeostatic and reflex pathways

Question 12

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 12

Outermost layer of brain - divided into 2 hemispheres and 4 lobes

Question 13

Gyri vs. Sulci

Answer 13

Gyri: The raised parts of the brain
Sulci: The indentations

Question 14

What are commissures?

Answer 14

Bundles of axons that allow parallel parts of the brain to communicate with each other

Question 15

Corpus Callosum

Answer 15

Forebrain - Cerebral Cortex
- Largest commissure

Question 16

What are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 16

1) Frontal lobe
2) Parietal lobe
3) Temporal lobe
4) Occipital lobe

Question 17

Frontal Lobe

Answer 17

Forebrain - Cerebral Cortex
- Movement, abstract thinking, executive functioning, memory, judgement
- Contains Broca’s Area

Question 18

Parietal Lobe

Answer 18

Forebrain - Cerebral Cortex
- Sensory input, visual processing, coordinating movement
- Contains somatosensory cortex

Question 19

Temporal Lobe

Answer 19

Forebrain - Cerebral Cortex
- Hearing and language
- Contains Wernicke’s Area

Question 20

Occipital Lobe

Answer 20

Forebrain - Cerebral Cortex
- Processes visual info

Question 21

What major parts of the brain are part of the limbic system?

Answer 21

• Thalamus
• Hypothalamus
• Hippocampus
• Amygdala
• Basal Ganglia

Question 22

Thalamus

Answer 22

Forebrain - Subcortical
- Filters info from all major senses except for smell & relays them to the cerebral cortex

Question 23

Hypothalamus

Answer 23

Forebrain - Subcortical
- Homeostasis, blood sugar/metabolism, hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior

Question 24

Hippocampus

Answer 24

Forebrain - Subcortical
- creates new memories and stores them long-term

Question 25

Amygdala

Answer 25

Forebrain - Subcortical
- Attaches significance to previous events associated with fear, punishment, reward
- Tip of each horn of the hippocampus

Question 26

Basal Ganglia

Answer 26

Forebrain - Subcortical
- Cue: “Turn up the base”
- Intentional movement & reward processing

Question 27

Pituitary Gland

Answer 27

Forebrain - Subcortical
- “master gland” of endocrine system; releases hormones that direct the function of many other glands in the body
- Hypothalamus sends hormonal signals to pituitary