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H&N Anatomy Quiz 2 > Regions & Cavities II > Flashcards

Regions & Cavities II Flashcards

1
Q

Nose includes:

A
  • External nose

- Nasal cavity

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2
Q

Fxns of the nose:

A
  • Olfaction
  • Respiration
  • Filtration
  • Humidification of inspired air
  • Elimination of secretions from paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal ducts
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3
Q

External nose is mainly made of:

A

Cartilage

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4
Q

Extends from the nares anteriorly to the chonae posteriorly. Name the structure.

A

Nasal cavity

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5
Q

Nasal cavity is lined by:

A

Ciliated, mucus-secreting, highly vascularized mucosa.

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6
Q

Nasal cavity fxns:

A
  • warms, cleans, and humidifies air
  • olfaction
  • tear drainage
  • mucus production
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7
Q

Why does the nasal cavity produce mucus continuously?

A

to keep respiratory tract clean and moist

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8
Q

Roof of the nasal cavity is made of:

A

bone and cartilage

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9
Q

Lateral wall of the nasal cavity is made of these bones:

A 
Maxilla 
Conchae
Meatus
Perpendicular plate of the palatine bone 
Medial pterygoid plate
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10
Q

What is the purpose of the conchae?

A

To create turbulence in the inspired air, which increases surface area and humidifies inhaled air.

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11
Q

The area below each concha in the nasal cavity is called:

A

meatus

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12
Q

Medial wall of the nasal cavity is made of these bones:

A

Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
Vomer
Septal cartilage

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13
Q

Floor of the nasal cavity is made of these bones:

A

Palatine process of maxilla

Horizontal plate of palatine bone

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14
Q

What structure of the nose forms the roof of the mouth?

A

Floor of the nasal cavity

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15
Q

choanae are bounded by these bones:

A
  • Anteriorly: horizontal plate of the palatine bone
  • Superiorly: sphenoid bone
  • Laterally: medial pterygoid plates
  • Medially vomer
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16
Q

Name the paranasal sinuses:

A
  • Frontal sinuses (2)
  • Ethmoid sunis
  • Sphenoid sinus
  • Maxillary sinus (2)
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17
Q

Name the openings of the nasal cavity:

A
  • Sphenoethmoidal recess
  • Frontonasal duct
  • Hiatus semilunaris
  • Nasolacrimal duct
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18
Q

Drainage from sphenoid sinus into the nasal cavity is via:

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

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19
Q

sphenoethmoidal recess opens into _____ in the nasal cavity.

A

superior concha

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20
Q

This sinus opens into the nasal cavity via frontomasal duct:

A

Frontal sinus

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21
Q

Frontonasal duct opens into _____ in the nasal cavity.

A

Middle nasal meatus

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22
Q

Hiatus semilunaris is located in the _______ and is the drainage site for _____, _______, and ______.

A

Middle meatus

Frontal sinus
anterior ethmoidal cells
Maxillary sinus

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23
Q

How does the lacrimal sac drain into the nasal cavity?

A

Via nasolacrimal duct

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24
Q

Nasolacrimal duct opens into the _____ in the nasal cavity.

A

inferior masal meatus

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25
Q

_______ propel mucus through the choanae into the nasopharynx.

A

Beating cilia

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26
Q

What type of nerve fibers are found in the nasal cavity?

A
  • GA (branches of V1 and V2)
  • SA (CN I)
  • VE (parasymp: pterygopalatine ganglion to mucosal glands)
  • VE (symp: ICA for vasoconstriction)
27
Q

V1 and V2 branches of trigeminal innervate the nasal cavity by which type of fibers?

A

GA

28
Q

CN I found in the nasal cavity has ____ fibers.

A

SA

29
Q

Which arteries anastomose in the nasal cavity:

A

Maxillary and facial from external carotid artery
+
Ophthalmic from internal carotid artery

30
Q

Venous drainage of the nasal cavity is via:

A
  • Facial vein

- Pterygoid venous plexus

31
Q

Name the main 3 parts of the ear:

A
  • External
  • Middle
  • Internal
32
Q

The external ear contains:

A
  • Auricle
  • External acoustic meatus
  • Auditory canal
  • Tympanic membrane
33
Q

The middle ear contains:

A

the ear ossicles.

34
Q

____ and ____ ears are cavities within the petrous portion of the temporal bone.

A

Middle and internal

35
Q

The internal ear contains:

A
  • Motion sensors
  • Balance
  • Conversion of mechanical signals into electrical signals for hearing
36
Q

This structure of the external ear collects sound.

A

Auricle

37
Q

External acoustic meatus and canal fxn:

A

Conduct sound to the tympanic membrane

38
Q

Moves in response to sound vibrations:

A

tympanic membrane

39
Q

Name the external ear structure:

It is covered with thick skin externally and mucus membrane internally.

A

Tympanic membrane

40
Q

External ear in innervated with which type of nerve fibers?

A

GA

41
Q

Which CNs innervate the external ear?

A
  • Auriculotemporal (V3)
  • Auricular branch of CN IX & X
  • GA branch of CN VII
42
Q

Artery supply of the external ear is via:

A

Branches of ECA

43
Q

Venous dranage of the external ear is via:

A
  • External jugular vein
  • Superficial temporal vein
  • Pterygoid venous plexus
44
Q

Middle ear is filled with ____ and lined with____.

A

air; mucosa

45
Q

Middle ear is connected to nasopharynx via:

A

pharyngotympanic tube

46
Q

What is the primary fxn of the middle ear?

A

Mechanical conduction of sound to fluid-filled inner ear.

47
Q

Osseous chain in the middle ear contains:

A

Malleus (joined to tympanic membrane)
Incus
Stapes (sits in oval window)

48
Q

Middle ear nerve fibers:

A
  • GE
  • GA
  • VE
49
Q

The GE fibers of the middle ear are:

A
  • CN VII to stapedius

- V3 to tensor tympani

50
Q

GA and VE fibers go through _____ in the middle ear.

A

Tympanic plexus

51
Q

Tympanic plexus receives GA and VE via:

A

Sympathetic ICA plexus

Tympanic nerve from CN IX

52
Q

Lesser petrosal nerve, a branch of tympanic plexus (CN IX) passes through _____ to ____ ganglion.

A

the middle ear; otic

53
Q

Chorda tympani, a branch of CN VII passes through the middle ear to _____.

A

Submandibular ganglion

54
Q

Pharyngotympanic tube connects _____ to ______.

A

middle ear; nasopharynx

55
Q

This structure of the middle ear equalizes pressure.

A

Pharyngotympanic tube

“popping of eardrums”

56
Q

Pharyngotympanic tube drains mucus from ____ and ______

A

Middle ear; mastoid air cells

57
Q

Mastoid air cells are lined with ____ and filled with ____.

A

mucosa; air

58
Q

Fxn of the mastoid air cells:

A

to lighten mastoid part of the temporal bone

59
Q

Sound wave pathway starting the external ear:

A

external ear -> auditory canal -> vibrate tympanic membrane -> move handle and head of malleus -> move incus -> push stapes into oval window

60
Q

Mechanical transmission of sound is done by two conductions:

A
  • air conduction

bone conduction

61
Q

Air conduction of sound wave pathway:

A

sound waves -> external ear -> ossicular chain -> cochlear duct

62
Q

Bone conduction of sound wave is:

A

cochlear duct

63
Q

This CN transmits mechanical sounds waves to brain waves.

A

CN VIII: vestibulocochlear nerve

H&N Anatomy Quiz 2 (7 decks)

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