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H&N Anatomy Quiz 2 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1. Identify the major divisions of the nervous system 2. Review major lobes of the brain and their respective functions3. Define afferent and efferent fiber 4. Identify the major principles of the somatic and autonomic nervous system

1
Q 
What nervous system?
Brain
Brainstem: midbrain, pons, medulla
Cerebellum
Spinal Cord
A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

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2
Q

What nervous system?
Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
Ganglia

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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3
Q

What is the master organ of the CNS?

A

brain

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4
Q

Name the 4 parts of the brain

A

Cerebrum and its telencephalon
Diencephalon (thalamus/hypothalamus)
Brainstem
Cerebellum

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5
Q

Responsible for speech, language, thought, emotion, motor and sensory functions

A

Cerebrum and its telenchephalon

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6
Q

Relays information to appropriate brain centers for processing and controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland

A

Diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus)

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7
Q

Involuntary reflexes and crucial life functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure

A

Brainstem

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8
Q

Coordinates muscle movement and controls balance

A

Cerebellum

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9
Q

The cerebrum is composed of # major divisions

A

4

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10
Q

Name the divisions of the cerebrum

A

Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital

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11
Q

Orbitofrontal cortex is the main area of inhibitions of impulsive behaviors

A

Frontal lobe

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12
Q

Pre-central gyrus: primary motor cortex

A

Frontal lobe

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13
Q

Broca’s area

A

located on the left side, enables us to form words

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14
Q

Interpretation of auditory information to enable us to understand words

A

Temporal

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15
Q

Main site of visual interpretation

A

Parietal lobe

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16
Q

Major role in pursuit eye movements (following an object as it moves) and saccadic eye movements

A

Parietal lobe

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17
Q

Primary sensory cortex

A

Parietal lobe

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18
Q

Contains the primary visual cortex that allows for vision to occur

A

Occipital lobe

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19
Q

brainstem attaches to the inferior aspect of the bran and is continuous with ________

A

spinal cord

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20
Q

Name the 3 parts of the brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons
medulla oblongata

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21
Q

The brainstem sits in what region of the occipital bone?

A

clivus

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22
Q

“little brain”

A

cerebellum

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23
Q

responsible for balance and coordination. Gives smoothness to our movements

A

cerebellum

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24
Q

Are the vertebrates deep or superficial to the meninges

A

deep

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25
Q

The spinal cord runs down what foramen?

A

foramen magnum

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26
Q

The spinal cord ends at what vertebrate?

A

1st or 2nd lumbar

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27
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves do we have at the end of the spinal cord?

A

31

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28
Q

The 31 spinal nerves exit via the _____ foramina

A

intervertebral

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29
Q

The pens can be subdivided into these two categories

A

Somatic and visceral

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30
Q

This system allows the organism to voluntarily interact with its environment

A

Somatic nervous system

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31
Q

Regulates the activity of internal organs with its environment

A

Visceral or autonomic nervous system

32
Q

T/F: Both somatic and autonomic nervous systems have efferent and afferent nerves

33
Q

Innervation is distributed to structures in the body wall for voluntary control of body movements

A

Somatic nervous system

34
Q

Controls skin and skeletal muscle movements

A

Somatic nervous system

35
Q

Innervation is distributed to visceral structures in body wall and cavity for (mostly) involuntary control of body functions

A

Visceral/ autonomic nervous system

36
Q

This system controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, striated muscle from the brachial arch origin (skeletal muscle arising from special embryologic origin)

A

Visceral/ autonomic nervous system

37
Q

The somatic nervous system controls these structures

A

Skin and skeletal muscle

38
Q

The visceral nervous system controls these structures

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, striated muscle from the brachial arch origin (skeletal muscle arising from special embryological origin)

39
Q

Afferent nerve fibers carry information _____ to the CNS

40
Q

Efferent nerve fibers carry information _______ from the CNS

41
Q

These nerve fibers carry information away from the central nervous system

A

Efferent nerve fibers

42
Q

Carry information back to the central nervous system

A

Afferent nerve fibers

43
Q

Name the type of afferent nerve fibers

A

General afferent, visceral afferent, special afferent

44
Q

Name the type of efferent nerve fibers

A

General efferent and visceral efferent nerve fibers

45
Q

Conscious sensation from skin, skeletal mucosa, and gland mucosa

A

General afferent

46
Q

Unconscious sensation from visceral and blood vessels

A

Visceral afferent

47
Q

Vision, hearing, balance, taste, smell (special senses)

A

Special afferent

48
Q

Innervation of striated muscle

A

General efferent

49
Q

All skeletal muscle except for brachial arch muscles of head and neck

A

General somatic efferent

50
Q

Brachial arch Musc.,e of head and neck (the only skeletal muscles that are innervated by autonomic nervous system)

A

Special visceral efferent

51
Q

Innervation of smooth muscle and glands

A

Visceral efferent

52
Q

Visceral/ autonomic can further be divided into

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

53
Q

The autonomic nervous system controls the ______ organs of the body.

54
Q

The _______ system carries information about the the viscera to the CNS via the _______ pathway and controls the action if the internal organs via the _______

A

Autonomic nervous system, afferent pathway, efferent

55
Q

This nervous system plays a big role in homeostasis

A

Autonomic nervous system

56
Q

This nervous system plays an essential role in keeping the body’s _____ environment in proper balance

57
Q

While the autonomic nervous system plays a huge role in maintaining the body’s internal environment, it also

A

Emotional experience and expression

58
Q

Increased blood pressure and heart rate, dry mouth, butterflies are a result of activity from what system

A

Sympathetic nervous system

59
Q

What are the two types of efferent fibers of the visceral (autonomic) system

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers

60
Q

These fibers control the body’s response during perceived threat, responsible for “fight of flight” response, body speeds up, tenses up, increase heart rate, decreased sensation from glands, dilated pupils

A

Sympathetic fibers

61
Q

These nerve fibers are in charge of controlling the body’s response while at rest, responsible for the rest and digest response, body slows down (decreased heart rate, increased secretion from glands, constricted pupils)

A

Parasympathetic fibers

62
Q

Controls body response during perceived threat

A

Sympathetic fibers

63
Q

Fight or flight

A

Sympathetic

64
Q

Increased heart rate, decreased section from glands, dilated pupils

A

Sympathetic nerves

65
Q

Control body’s response while at rest

A

Parasympathetic fibers

66
Q

Rest and digest

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

67
Q

Sympathetic fibers originate in the

A

Spinal cord

68
Q

When sympathetic fibers exit the spinal cord, they synapse in ______ , which are found on either side of the spinal cord

A

Sympathetic ganglia

69
Q

The _________ is fibers will leave the sympathetic ganglia and will hitchhike along different nerves in order to reach their target organs

A

Post-ganglionic fibers

70
Q

Sympathetic nerves traveling to the head and neck region synapse in the

A

Superior cervical ganglion

71
Q

The parasympathetic fibers originate in the ______ of specific cranial nerves that are found in the __________

A

Nuclei, brain stem

72
Q

The ______ fibers will travel within the nerves from which the parasympathetic fibers originate

A

Pre-ganglionic fibers

73
Q

Pre-ganglionic fibers will synapse in _________ that are found close to their target organ, and the __________ will then hitchhike sling a different nerve to reach their target organs

A

Parasympathetic ganglia, post-ganglionic

74
Q

Collection of cell bodies outside of the CNS

75
Q

Synapse for the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system have their specific ganglia where synapses take place between the _______ fibers and ______ fibers

A

Pre-ganglionic, post-ganglionic fibers

H&N Anatomy Quiz 2 (7 decks)

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