Lesions and Exits

Question 1

Exits out of the cribriform plate

Answer 1

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

Question 2

Exits out of the optic canal

Answer 2

Optic nerve (CN I)

Question 3

Exits out of the superior orbital fissure

Answer 3

CN IIII - Oculomotor
CN IV - Trochlear
CN V1 - Ophthalmic branch
CN VI - Abducens

Question 4

Exits out of foramen rotundum

Answer 4

CN V2 - Maxillary

Question 5

Exits out of foramen Ovale

Answer 5

CN V3 - Mandibular

Question 6

Exits out of the Internal acoustic meatus

Answer 6

CN VII - Facial

CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear

Question 7

Exits out of the Jugular foramen

Answer 7

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
CN X - Vagus
CN XI - Spinal acc.

Question 8

Damage to the cribriform plate can cause loss of what?

Answer 8

Anosmia: loss of smell

Question 9

Anosmia can be caused by damage to what nerve?

Answer 9

CN I Olfactory

Question 10

Partial or total vision loss and/or visual field loss is caused by ____. What nerve us affected

Answer 10

orbital trauma
Ischemia: inadequate blood supply

Optic nerve

Question 11

Dilated pupil, loss of pupil reflexes, eye directed down and out, ptosis are caused by

Answer 11

Aneurysm of posterior communicating artery, cavernous sinus abnormality, ischemia

Question 12

Unable to look inferiorly when eye is adducted, head tilt is caused by

Answer 12

Trauma or congenital defect to CN IV Trochlear

Question 13

Aneurysm of posterior communicating artery, cavernous sinus abnormality, ischemia of CN III can cause

Answer 13

Dilated pupil, loss of pupil reflexes, eye directed down and out, ptosis are caused by

Question 14

Mass near trigeminal ganglion of around foramina through which each division passes can cause

Answer 14

Loss of facial sensation
Loss of function of muscles of mastication & deviation of jaw
Loss of corneal touch reflex
Loss of reflex lacrimation & sneezing reflexes
Facial anesthesia

Question 15

Unable to abduct eye, eye turned medially

Answer 15

CN VI

Ischemia, trauma, mechanical compression

Question 16

These can be caused by damage to what nerve?
Loss of facial sensation
Loss of function of muscles of mastication & deviation of jaw
Loss of corneal touch reflex
Loss of reflex lacrimation & sneezing reflexes
Facial anesthesia

Answer 16

TRIGEMINALLLLL

Question 17

Paralysis of muscles of facial expression. Decreased taste sensation, decreased salivation, impaired lacrimation

Answer 17

CN VII
Damage to branches in parotid gland

Temporal bone injury

Inflammation

Question 18

Tumor near the internal acoustic meatus can cause

Answer 18

hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo

Question 19

Penetrating neck injury can affect which CN

Answer 19

IX: Glossopharyngeal
X: Vagus
XI: Spinal acc
XII: Hypoglossal

Question 20

Loss of taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue and loss of gag reflex

Answer 20

Brainstem lesion, penetrating neck injury

Question 21

Deviation of uvula to normal side, vocal cord paralysis (hoarseness, aphonia), disphagia

Answer 21

Brainstem lesion, penetrating neck injury

Question 22

Which two nerves are affected by brainstem lesions?

Answer 22

Glossopharyngeal IX

VAGUS X

Question 23

Paralysis of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Answer 23

Penetrating neck injury

Question 24

Atrophy of tongue muscles and deviation of tongue towards affected side, speech disturbance

Answer 24

Penetrating neck injury, skull base pathology