Regions & Cavities I Flashcards
Shallow depression on the side of the skull
Temporal Fossa
Temporal fossa bones:
Temporal
Sphenoid
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal fossa communicate with:
Infratemporal fossa ONLY
Temporal fossa boundaries:
Superior: superior temporal line
Inferior: zygomatic arch
Contents of temporal fossa:
- Pterion
- Temporalis muscle and fascia
- Superficial temporal artery
- Superficial temporal vein
Superficial temporal artery branches off of:
External carotid artery
Maxillary artery branches off of:
External carotid artery
Superficial temporal + maxillary vein =
Retromandibular vein
Anterior branch of retromandibular vein drains into:
Internal jugular vein
Posterior branch of retromandibular vein drains into:
External jugular vein
These veins drain into internal jugular vein
Anteroir branch of retromandibular vein + facial vein = common facial vein -> IJV
These veins drain into external jugular vein
Posterior branch of retromandibular vein + posterior auricular vein -> External jugular vein
temporalis muscle is responsible for:
Mastication
Infratemporal fossa boundaries:
Anterior: Maxilla
Posterior: Mastoid process of temporal bone
Infratemporal fossa communicates with:
- Temporal fossa via gap deep to zygomatic arch
- Cranial cavity through foramen ovale (V3) and spinosum (meningeal artery)
- Orbit: Inferior orbital fissure
- Pterygopalatine fossa: pterygomaxillary fissure
Infratemporal fossa contents:
- Muscles of mastication (lateral and medial pterygoid)
- Vessels (Maxillary artery and vein, pterygoid venous plexus)
- Nervous structures (Mandibular nerve V3, chorda tympani, otic ganglion)
- Deep lobe of parotid gland
- TMJ
Maxillary artery supplies:
- Nasal cavity
- Lateral wall and roof of the oral cavity
- All teeth
- Most of dura mater (via middle meningeal artery)
- Infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae
Maxillary artery is a branch of this artery:
External carotid artery
Pterygoid venous plexus receives blood from:
All regions that maxillary artery supplies to:
- Nssal cavity
- Upper oral cavity
- All teeth
- Dura mater
- Infraorbital and pterygopalatine fossae
Pterygoid vein + ______ + _______ = Retromandibular vein
superficial temporal vein, maxillary vein
TMJ fxn:
- Articulation of the mandible with the skull
- Allows movement of mandible
Location of TMJ:
Where skull and the mandible articulate, which contains mandibular condyle and zygomatic part of temporal bone.
It is also medial to the parotid gland.
What type of joint is TMJ:
Synovial joint with cartilage in between
What type of nerve fibers are found in TMJ?
GA from V3.
Muscles of mastication are located:
In and around infratemporal fossa
Name the primary muscles of mastication:
- Temporalis
- Masseter
- Medial pterygoid
- Lateral pterygoid
Which two muscles of the mastication elevate, protrude, and move the mandible side to side?
Masseter and medial pterygoid
This muscle depresses, protrudes, and moves the mandible side to side.
Lateral pterygoid
How does temporalis muscle help in mastication?
It elevates the mandible
How to test for the fxn of mandibular nerve (V3)?
Ask pt. to clench their jaw.
Name the accessory muscles of mastication:
- Anterior belly of digastric
- Mylohyoid
- Buccinator
- Posterior belly of digastric
Fxn of anterior belly of digastric:
Depression and retrusion of mandible
Fxn of Mylohyoid:
Degression of the mandible
Fxn of muccinator:
Tightens cheek while chewing
Fxn of posterior belly of digastric:
Depresses mandible
Which muscles of mastication are innervated by CN VII?
Buccinator and posterior belly of digastric
Name the muscles of mastication that are innervated by V3:
- Temporalis
- Masseter
- Medial pterygoid
- Lateral pterygoid
- Anterior belly of digastric
- Mylohyoid
Largest branch of CN V:
Mandibular nerve V3
Mandibular nerve V3 leave cranial cavity via:
foramen ovale
State the pathway of mandibular nerve V3 from trigeminal ganglion to infratemporal fossa.
Trigeminal ganglion -> foramen ovale -> infratemporal fossa.
GE of mandibular nerve V3 innervates:
- primary muscles of mastication
- anterior belly of digastric
- mylohyoid
- suspends parasympathetic ganglion: otic ganglion
Parasymathetic otic ganglion is suspended by:
Mandibular nerve V3
GE/GA fibers of mandibular nerve suspend the otic ganglion. Select one.
GE
GA fibers of the mandibular nerve V3 innervates:
- Meningeal branch
- Auriculotermporal nerve
- Lingual nerve
This nerve carries hitchhiking VE fibers of the parotid gland.
Auriculotemporal nerve
Auriculomandibular nerve receive GA info from:
Skin of temple and ear, and TMJ.
Lingual nerve, a branch of mandibular nerve suspends this ganglion.
Submandibular ganglion
This nerve carries hitchhiking VE and SA taste fibers from chorda tympani.
Lingual nerve
This nerve carries GA from skin of temple and ear and TMJ.
Auriculotemporal nerve
GA from anteroir 2/3 of tongue and floor of mouth is carried toward CNS via:
Lingual nerve
Submandibular ganglion is located:
in submandibular region
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of CN _____, join onto chorda tympani, then hitchhike onto _____ in the infratemporal fossa.
CN VII, lingual nerve.
VE fibers of lingual nerve synapse in _________.
submandibular ganglion
Postganglionic parasympathetic nerves of the submandibular ganglion travel to ______ and ______ glands via _____ nerve.
sublingual, submandibular glands, lingual nerve.
Pterygopalatine fossa location:
- Between bones of lateral side of the skull
- Immediately posterior to maxilla
Pterygopalatine fossa in deep to this fossa.
Infratemporal fossa
Walls of the pterigopalatine fossa:
- Anterior: posterior surface of maxilla
- Posterior: pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
- Medial: lateral surface of palatine bone
Contents of the pterygopalatine fossa:
- Maxillary nerve (V2)
- Terminal part of maxillary artery
- Nerve of pterygoid canal
- Pterygopalatine ganglion
- Veins and lymphatics
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with infratemporal fossa?
Via pterygomaxillary fissure
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with floor of orbit?
Via inferior orbital fissure
Name the nerves of the pterygoid canal.
- Greater petrosal nerve (CN VII)
- Deep petrosal nerve (ICA plexus)
Preganglionic parasympathetic nerves of the pterygoid canal come from:
Greater petrosal nerve
ICA plexus of the deep petrosal nerve carry:
postganglionic sympathetic nerves
Largest of the 4 parasympathetic ganglia in the head:
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Contents of pterygopalatine ganglion:
- Preganglionic parasympathetic from greater petrosal nerve
- Postganglionic sympathetic from ICA plexus
- Sensory branches of V2
