regional gross anatomy muscle functions

Question 1

what are the 2 functions of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 1

flexion of the hip
extension of the knee

Question 2

what is the function of the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 2

adduction of the hip

Question 3

what are the 2 functions of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 3

extension of the hip
flexion of the knee

Question 4

what is the function of iliacus?

Answer 4

hip flexion

Question 5

what is the function of psoas major?

Answer 5

hip flexion

Question 6

what is the function of pectineus?

Answer 6

hip flexion

Question 7

what is the function of sartorius?

Answer 7

hip flexion

Question 8

what is the function of quadriceps and what are the 4 components?

Answer 8

knee extension

rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus intermedialis
vastus lateralis

Question 9

in addition to flexion of the hip what are the 3 other functions of sartorius?

Answer 9

abduction of the hip
lateral rotation of the hip
flexion of the knee

Question 10

which quadriceps muscle can act on both the knee and the hip and what is the action on both joints?

Answer 10

rectus femoris can act on hip and knee

extension of the knee (like all other quadriceps muscles)

flexion of the hip (the only quadriceps muscle that can act on the hip)

Question 11

what compartment is responsible for adduction of the hip?

Answer 11

the medial compartment

Question 12

what are the hip adductor muscles?

Answer 12

gracilis
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus

Question 13

what muscle is part of the medial compartment of the thigh (hip adductors) but does not produce adduction of the hip?

Answer 13

obturator externus

Question 14

what are the 2 functions of gracilis and explain

Answer 14

adduction of the hip - because it is part of medial compartment which is the adductor compartment

flexion of the knee - because it passes posterior to the knee joint

Question 15

what is the function of adductor longus?

Answer 15

adduction of the hip

Question 16

what are the 2 functions of adductor brevis (primary and assist)?

Answer 16

primary function - adduction of the hip

can assist w/ - flexion

Question 17

what are the 3 functions of adductor magnus (primary and assist) and explain

Answer 17

primary - adduction of the hip

can assist w/ - flexion and extension of the hip joint due to the complex areas of attachment

Question 18

what is the function of obturator externus and explain why this is not what would be expected based on the compartment it is in

Answer 18

lateral rotation of the hip

in the medial compartment and so would be expected to be a hip adductor

Question 19

what are the 2 functions of the gluteal region?

Answer 19

lateral rotation of the hip joint
medial rotation of the hip joint

Question 20

which 5 muscles in the gluteal region are lateral rotators of the hip joint?

Answer 20

gluteus maximus
piriformis
obturator internus
the 2 gemelli
quadratus femorus

Question 21

what are the 2 muscles in the gluteal region that are medial rotators and abductors?

Answer 21

gluteus medius
gluteus minimus

Question 22

what are the 2 functions of gluteus maximus (primary and assist)?

Answer 22

primary - extension of the hip joint

can assist w/ - lateral rotation

Question 23

what are the functions of gluteus medius?

Answer 23

abduction of the hip
medial rotation of the hip

Question 24

what are the 2 functions of gluteus minimus?

Answer 24

abduction of hip
medial rotation of the hip

Question 25

what is the function of piriformis?

Answer 25

lateral rotation of the hip

Question 26

what is the function of obturator internus?

Answer 26

lateral rotation of the hip

Question 27

what is the function of the gemelli?

Answer 27

lateral rotation of the hip

Question 28

what is the function of obturator internus?

Answer 28

lateral rotation of the hip

Question 29

what are the 2 functions of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 29

extension of the hip flexion of the knee

Question 30

what is the function of semitendinosus?

Answer 30

extension of the hip flexion of the knee

Question 31

what is the function of semimembranosus?

Answer 31

extension of the hip flexion of the knee

Question 32

what is the function of biceps femoris?

Answer 32

extension of the hip flexion of the knee

Question 33

what is the function of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 33

extension of the ankle (dorsiflexion) = pointing toes down

Question 34

what are the 4 muscles of the anterior compartment?

Answer 34

tibialis anterior extensor digitorum longus peroneus Tertius extensor hallicus longus

Question 35

what are the 2 functions of tibialis anterior?

Answer 35

dorsiflexion of the ankle inversion of the foot

Question 36

what is the function of extension digitorum longus?

Answer 36

extension of the lateral 4 toes

Question 37

what is the function of peroneus tertius?

Answer 37

assist the lateral compartment w/ eversion (small muscle and so small contribution)

Question 38

what are the 2 functions of extensor hallicus longus?

Answer 38

extension of the great toe dorsiflexion of the ankle

Question 39

what is the function of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 39

eversion of the foot

Question 40

what are the 2 muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 40

peroneus longus peroneus brevis

Question 41

what is the function of peroneus longus?

Answer 41

eversion of the foot

Question 42

what is the function of peroneus brevis?

Answer 42

eversion of the foot