Regional

Question 1

contraindication RA

Answer 1

1. non equiped personel
2. no IV access
3. Allergy LA
   4 Infection site
4. coagulopathy
5. raised ICP
6. sepsis, bacteremia
7. hemodynamic instability
8. neuro disease
   10 aortic/mitral valve stenosis
9. presvious spinal surgery, kyphoscoliosis

Question 2

complications RA

Answer 2

1. failure tech
2. unintentional spinal
3. systemic drug tox
4. injury nerve, spinal canal
5. infection.
   6 spinal, epi: symh blockade causing hypotension and bradycardia
6. post dural headache

Question 3

epidural

1. site
2. onset
3. gravity spread
4. dosage
5. continous infusion
6. complication

Answer 3

1. between dura and ligmentum flavum. can be at any height
2. 10-15 min
3. large volume
4. possible
5. failure technique, hypotension, bradycardia- high spinal, syst ttox, epidural hematoma infec

Question 4

spinal

1. site
2. onset
3. gravity spread
4. dosage
5. continous infusion
6. complication

Answer 4

1. in subarachnoid space, l3-l4, l54-l5
2. quick 2 min
3. hyperbaric with dextrose
   4 low
   5 no
   similar. high spinal bradycaria hypotesion, failure technique, infection, paresthesia

Question 5

Local anastehics

• action
• absorbtion
• types
• selection
• toxicity

Answer 5

1. block generation and propagation og impulses in excitable tissue by binding to receptor on cytosolic side of NA, inhibits NA influx thus impulse conduction. different fibers at differnt rates
2. ester-type, amide type - lidocaine..
3. numbness tongue, drowsinesss, tinnitus visual disturbance, tremors, unconsciousness. vasodilatation, hypotension, decreased myocarial contractility.