intraoperative

Question 1

Oxygen therapy.

• nasal canula
• face mask
• resevoir bag
• high flow systems

Answer 1

• 5-6 liters, over that drying of nasal mucosa. 4% increase per liter. ex 21 + 3*4 =34, max 44% O2 delievered
• 6-10L up to 55%
• 10-15L up to 80%

Question 2

Hypocapnea

causes

Answer 2

Hyperventilation….

• hypothermia
• decreased pulm blood flow
• incoorect placement of sampling catheter
• V7Q mismatch: pulm thromboembolism, pulm edema, air embolism

Question 3

Hypercapnea

causes

Answer 3

hypoventilation
hyperthermia
improved pulm BF after rescus or hypotension
low bicarb
water in capn graph
anastetic breathing circuir
- inadeq fresh gas flow
. exhausted soda lime

Question 4

hypotermia
causes
treat

Answer 4

• gi, wound losses ets
• cold envirment
• warm fluids and blankets

Question 5

hyperthermia

Answer 5

• malignant hyperthermia
• drugs - atropine
• fever, infe, espsis
• blood transfusion reaction syndrome

Question 6

intraoperative hypotension shock.

• hypovolemic
• cardiogenic
• septic
• spinal
• anaphylactic

Answer 6

sBP

Question 7

Hypertension intraop

Answer 7

inadequate anesthesia
pre ex HTN coarc, preeclampsia
hypoxemia/hypercarbia
hypervolemia
drugs - ephedring, EPI, cocaine, ketamine
allergic anaphylactic reaction
hypermetabolic states