Regeneration EQ4 - Regeneration success/stakeholders Flashcards
What is legacy?
The longer term effects of a regeneration scheme
What are the 3 economic measures of regeneration?
- employment
- income
- poverty
How should the success of regeneration be measured?
By a range of criteria (indicators) over a short and longer time scale, both within areas and in comparison to more successful areas
What are the measures of social progress?
- reductions in ineqaulities
- improvements in social measures of deprivation
- demographic changes (life expectancy, health)
What is one mroe complex social measure used to measure regeneration?
The IMD’s health deprivation and disability domain
What are 2 measures of the effectiveness of environmental improvements?
- reduction in pollution levels
- reduction in abandoned and derelict land
What are the 2 basic effects of regeneration based on physical upgrades in buildings and space?
- forcing out locals via unintended regeneration as properties become unafforable
- direct impact on individuals’ lives
What can a lack of success in social, economic and environmental measures lead to?
A spiral of decline
What factors affect perception of success?
- media coverage
- age
- stance on development and change
- ethnicity
- gender
- personal experience with change
- personal perceptions and attachment
What are stakeholder views dependent on?
Meaning/lived experience
The impacts of change on reality and image of a place
Who are the different urban stakeholders?
- national government and planners
- local councils
- developers
- local businesses
- local communities
What was Salford Quays like before regeneration?
Docks had declined and shut in 1970s
Leaving polluted waterways, derelict land and a spiral of decline
How was Salford Quays regenerated?
Created MediaCity UK, housing BBC and ITV to create new job opportunities etc
Culture: Lowry and Imperial War Museum North
90 hectares of industrial land redeveloped
SALFORD QUAYS: What did existing residents want from regeneration, and how did they measure the success of the project?
Want - better housing, community facilities, jobs
Measures success by - rising income, health, community spirit, improved access to services
SALFORD QUAYS: What did national government want from regeneration, and how did they measure the success of the project?
Want - project to fit in with national priorities (Northern Powerhouse)
Measure success by - reduced out migration, increase regional output/GVA
SALFORD QUAYS: What did local businesses want from regeneration, and how did they measure the success of the project?
Want - increased local population, especially of wealthier residents
Measure succes by - rising population, hiring rates
SALFORD QUAYS: What did local council want from regeneration, and how did they measure the success of the project?
Want - improvement in external image to encourage inward investment, reduced deprivation
Measures success by - job creation, IMD, areas of land brought back into usage
SALFORD QUAYS: What did property developers want from regeneration, and how did they measure the success of the project?
Want - profit, good image to drive sales
Measures by - profit v investment ratios, increased land values
Who are rural stakeholders?
- landowners
- farmers
- government’s Defra
- National Parks
Where are hotly contested rural regions?
- urban-rural fringe
- greenbelts
- National Parks
What is the history behind the North Antrim Coast?
The Giant’s Causeway area was designated a World Heritage site in 1986 due to it’s unique geology and striking landscape
What were the plans for regeneration on the North Antrim Coast?
Plans to develop a £100 million golf resort called Bushmill Dunes
Who were the opponents to the Bushmill golf course and what were their reasons for opposition?
National Trust and UNESCO
Landscape change too close to the protected coastline, in a protected ‘buffer zone’
What were the reasons for the regeneration plan on the North Antrim Coast?
Tourism could help to secure Northern Ireland’s prosperity - Causeway already attracts hundreds of millions of visitors annually
