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Alevel Geog > Regeneration > Flashcards

Regeneration Flashcards

1
Q

Employment sector

A 
Primary 
Secondary 
Tertiary 
Quaternary 
Quinary
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2
Q

Type of employment

A

Part/full time
Temporary/permanent
Employed/self-employed

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3
Q

Social Implications

A

Health - linked to sectors more manual exposed to polluted chemicals.
Life expectancy - (Glasgow effect) diet, smoking, healthcare etc.
Education - linked to income levels.

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4
Q

Inequalities in pay

A

Pay levels - low-level services receive less, seasonal jobs.

Quality of life indices - factors contributing to quality of life and inequality.

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5
Q

Regeneration

A

Long term upgrading of existing places or more drastic renewal schemes

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6
Q

Inter generational cycle

A

Education, underachievement and poor health may be passed on therefore the cycle needs to be broken.

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7
Q

Inequality

A

High inequality will reduce potential for economic growth

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8
Q

Spatial inequality

A

Differences across places at neighbourhood or street level as well between cities or countries.

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9
Q

Changes in characteristics and functions

A

Places may be associated with a dominant function with distinct demographic characteristics reflected in employment, land use and deprivation levels.

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10
Q

Functional change

A

Commercial
Administrative
Retail
Industrial

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11
Q

Reasons for functional/Demographic change

A

Physical
Role of planning by government/stakeholders
Accessibility/connectedness
Historical development

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12
Q

Gentrification

A

Change in social structure of a place when affluent people move into a location. (Upgrade to attract higher income people)

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13
Q

Studentification

A

Term used for places offering higher education provision.

Students cluster in towns/cities and often high levels of anti social behaviour and an absence during holidays.

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14
Q

Perception

A

Vital part of lived experiences and affects how people engage with places.

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15
Q

Social consequences of inequality (reduced)

A

Trust in power
Participation
Educational attainment
Attatchment

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16
Q

Social consequences of inequality (increased)

A

Segregation
Reduced life expectancy
Health issues
Status competition

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17
Q

Rust belt

A

Term used in reference to a once powerful manufacturing region that fell into decline following global shift.

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18
Q

Reinventor cities

A

Changed economic base successfully by encouraging IT and media, have higher wages, graduate workers and new businesses.

19
Q

Replicator cities

A

Replaced cotton mills with call centres and dock yards and are less sustainable.

20
Q

Priorities for regeneration (with example case studies)

A 
Sink estates (Glasgow) 
Gated communities (diagonal mar) 
Commuter villages (itchen valley) 
Declining rural settlements (Powys, Wales)
21
Q

Factors effecting lived experience and engagement

A

Membership

Influence

22
Q

Levels of engagement factors

A 
Age
Length of residence 
Gender 
Ethnicity 
Levels of deprivation
23
Q

Marginalisation

A

People/groups are pushed to the edge by more dominant, core cultures. (Language, religion, WEALTH)

24
Q

Exclusion

A

Extreme when access to services is restricted.

25
Q

Social polarisation

A

Segregation from income inequality and economic restructuring.

26
Q

Views and conflicts on regeneration differ because of..

A

Lack of political engagement/representation.
Inequality.
Ethic tension.
Lack of opportunities.

27
Q

Rebranding

A

The marketing aspect of regeneration, designed to attract businesses, visitors and residents.

28
Q

Reimaging

A

Making a place more desirable or attractive to live, work or invest in.

29
Q

Factors affecting regeneration policies

A 
Politics 
Location 
Quality of investment by government 
Legacy of past schemes 
Degree of pump priming needed
30
Q

Pump priming

A

Government allocates funds expecting outside investment to help. (Especially needed for toxic waste)

31
Q

Aspects of the role of government planning

A

Planning laws
Fracking
Housing building

32
Q

Deregulation of capital markets

A

Removal of restrictions to encourage investment.

33
Q

International migration

A

Freer migration = filled skill gaps and less ageing population.

34
Q

Cold spots

A

Most needy areas that lack active voluntary sector involvement. Eg. Cornwall

35
Q

Regeneration strategies (with example case studies)

A 
Retail led (Birmingham, Liverpool one, Eldon square) 
Sport led (London olympics) 
Tourism and leisure led (kielder, Salford quays) 
Culture led (Albert docks)
Rural diversification (Shropshire) 
Infrastructure (HS2) 
Technology led (Cambridge science park)
36
Q

Rural proofing

A

Governments increasingly seen as facilitator rather than provider. So rural proofing carried out, checks on design, development and review stages of policies.

37
Q

Legacy

A

Longer term effects of regeneration scheme. (Reuse of landmarks, gov support, long term benefit)

38
Q

Social progress

A

Relates to how an individual and community improve status in society over time.

39
Q

Measures of social progress

A

Reductions in inequalities
Reductions in deprivation
Increased life expectancy

40
Q

Quality of environment

A

Local - access to green spaces, quality of the area.

Global - air/water pollution.

41
Q

Perception of success factors

A 
Age, gender, ethnicity 
Media coverage 
Attachment 
Personal experiences 
(Older may have distinct beliefs about legacy of past schemes)
42
Q

Urban stakeholders

A 
National government/planners 
Local councils 
Local businesses 
Developers 
Local communities
43
Q

Benefit cost ratio

A

Balance between investment and outcomes.

44
Q

Factors of success

A 
Growing population 
More/better jobs 
More educated population 
Falling levels of deprivation 
Property values 
Healthier population 
Low crime rates

Alevel Geog (10 decks)

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