Regal ILT IHO Week 4

Question 1

Mediators of Redness and Vasodilation

Answer 1

Histamine, PGE2, PGI2, Kinins

Question 2

Mediators of Swelling and Increased vascular permeability

Answer 2

Histamine, Peptido leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4), Kinins

Question 3

Mediators of Pain-causes or reduces the pain threshold

Answer 3

PGE, PGI, LTB4, Kinins

Question 4

Mediators of Chemotactic-directed migration of WBC

Answer 4

LTB4 (neutrophils, etc.), Peptido leukotrienes (eosinophils)

Question 5

Mediators of Fever

Answer 5

PGEs

Question 6

Mediators of Airway Constriction-bronchoconstriction (type 1 hypersensitivity in lungs)

Answer 6

Histamine, Peptido leukotrienes, Kinins, PGD2

Question 7

Mediators of Hypotension

Answer 7

Kinins, Histamine

Question 8

redness, heat, swelling and airway constriction, but NOT chemotaxis-name the mediator

Answer 8

Histamine

Question 9

vasodilate, increase vascular permeability and cause pain

Answer 9

PGE2 and PGI2

Question 10

bronchoconstriction

Answer 10

PGD2 and Thrombaxane

Question 11

Platelet aggregation (and vasoconstriction)

Answer 11

TXA2 (Thrombaxane)

Question 12

Opposes platelet aggregation (and vasodilation)

Answer 12

PGI2 (Prostacyclin)

Question 13

chemotactic (PMNs) and reduces pain threshold; peptido leukotrienes cause bronchoconstriction, increased vascular permeability and chemotaxis (eosinophils)

Answer 13

LTB4

Question 14

everything, also very strong vasodilator with resulting hypotension, not a major chemotactic agent

Answer 14

Kinins (Bradykinin and kallidin)

Question 15

What enzyme to convert histidine to histamine

Answer 15

L-histidine decarboxylase (in mast cells and basophils)

Question 16

What type of action do antihistamines have?

Answer 16

inverse agonists

Question 17

Which histamine receptor stimulation will cause the following: bronchoconstriction, contraction of GI smooth muscle, increased capillary permeability (wheal), pruritis (itch) and pain, release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla?

Answer 17

H1

Question 18

Which histamine receptor stimulation will cause the following: GASTRIC ACID SECRETION, inhibition of IgE mediated basophil histamine release, inhibition of T lymphocyte mediated toxicity, suppression of Th2 cells and cytokines?

Answer 18

H2

Question 19

Which histamine receptor stimulation will cause the following: present on histaminergic nerve terminals and many immune cells; can regulate activity of all of these cells through the H3 and H4 receptors

Answer 19

H3 and H4

Question 20

Mixed H1 and H2 receptor mediated responses

Answer 20

cardiac effects, vasodilator effects, triple response (vasodilation, flare, wheal, pain and itching), nasal symptoms

Question 21

Characteristics of first generation antihistamines

Answer 21

Blockade of H1, muscarinic, alpha adrenergic and serotonin receptors

Question 22

Where are first generation antihistamines metabolized?

Answer 22

liver and excreted in urine

Question 23

an array of substance normally present in the body or formed there; active substances have brief lifetime and act near their sites of synthesis; NOT NTs or hormones but can be called local hormones or inflammatory mediators

Answer 23

Autocoids