Regal and early republic

Question 1

Rome: early republic That sprung chaos and a new political system (3)

Answer 1

• 509 BCE: Sextus Tarquinius, son of the last king Tarquin the proud, rapes elite woman Lucretia
• Her relatives lead a revolt and expel the kings from Rome
6th-4th c. BCE: powers of the king distributed between officials/magistrates

Question 2

retained from the regal period:

Answer 2

• Assembly (comitia) of adult male citizens
• Only magistrates can speak
• Elects magistrates
• Passes laws: accepts or rejects proposals by magistrates
• Votes on war and peace
• Several different assemblies: most important are comitia centuriata and concilium plebis
Senates remains as advisory council for magistrates

Question 3

Rome had a ‘mixed constitution’ elements of democracy (they vote on motions), oligarchy (only a few can speak, votes of the wealthy counted more), and monarchy
5th early 3rd c. BCE:

Answer 3

• Romans not of noble birth (plebeians) challenge aristocratic (patricians)
  
  • Conflict resolved through compromise (‘secession’; going on strike)
  • 10 ‘tribunes of the plebs’ created to protect all citizens (provocatio; right of appeal)
  • They protected people from false accusations usually from the wealthy