Midterm 1 info

Question 1

Where do Greeks live and what did they speak?

Answer 1

1) Aegean Sea

2) Ancient Greek

Question 2

Where did Roman’s life and what did they speak?

Answer 2

1) Mediterranian Sea

2) Romans adopted Greek ideology

Question 3

What is the Knossos? and who build it?

Answer 3

1) A palace

2) Minoan

Question 4

Knossos characteristics and who build it (4)

Answer 4

Minoan

1) Construction and Decoration
2) Lightwells
3) Labyrinthine
4) Central Courtyard

Question 5

Knossos - Labyrinthine

Answer 5

the Labyrinth was an elaborate, confusing structure designed and built by the legendary artificer Daedalus for King Minos of Crete at Knossos

Question 6

Knossos - Central Courtyard

Answer 6

Used for parties and central area for major event/ ruler to show off

Question 7

Mycenean Palace Characteristics (4)

Answer 7

1) Palace / Citadel - smaller
2) Defensible position
3) Central Hall

Question 8

Mycenaean Palace - Defensible position

Answer 8

Cyclopean Mansory (giant stone wall)

Question 9

Mycenaean Palace - Central Courtyard

Answer 9

1) Megatron - rather than the courtyard (Minoan)

Question 10

Mycenaean Palace - Fresco

Answer 10

Painting from Pylos

Question 11

How were Mycenaean perceived?

Answer 11

Warriors due to Dendra armor

Question 12

What were the sources of the Minioan?

Answer 12

Minion from Knossos

Question 13

What were the Mycenaean source? (2)

Answer 13

1) Linear B tablets from Pylos
2) Claw drawn by sharp object
a. alluded to the economy and war
b. Fire destroyed most evidence, clay war hardened

Question 14

Reason for Mycenean civilization: Causes? (2)

Answer 14

1) Dorian invasion - settlement did not become different

2) Mix of elements - Internal uprising, Natural disaster, Economic disaster

Question 15

What was the result of the Mycenean civilization? (1050-750BC)

Answer 15

Greek dark age (1050-750BC)

Question 16

What were the result of the Greek dark age? (5)

Answer 16

1) Loss of literarcy and art (crude)
2) End of monumental building
3) Less trade
4) Smaller & poorer settlement
5) Some echoes of Minioan/ Mycenaean civilization perserved in Greek MYTH / traditional language

Question 17

Theseus slaying the Minataur

Answer 17

vase from Athens, c.460BC

Question 18

During the Dark Age what notible happens to the tools and material

Answer 18

Iron Age - 950BC

Question 19

When was the Greek Revival?

Answer 19

900-750BC

Question 20

Greek Revival - Two causes to art

Answer 20

1) Sub-Mycenaean Pottery - Asymetrical

2) Geometry Pottery - Circle patterns

Question 21

Greek Revival - Greek alphabet time and significance?

Answer 21

1) 800BC

2) Signs for vowels

Question 22

Greek Revival (Late Dark Age) - Phoenicians

Answer 22

Greek alphabet derived from an alphabet of Phoenicians (Syria/Lebanon)

Question 23

Archaic Period - Timeframe

Answer 23

750-500BC

Question 24

Archaic Period (5) Main Development

Answer 24

1) Hoplite Warfare
2) Increase Literacy
3) The shift from aristocratic values to communal values
4) Polis - System
5) Colonization

Question 25

Archaic Period - Hoplite Warfare (3)

Answer 25

1) Round wooden shield - Hoplon
2) Bronze shield, bronze greaves, bronze helmet
3) Mass ranks ( Phalanx) instead of individual fighters/ chariot

Question 26

Poet Homer - Oddysey

Answer 26

Odyssey: Return of Odysseus from the Trojan war - shows humour

Question 27

Archaic Period - Increase in literacy and artistry (4)

Answer 27

1) Inspired by Egyptian sculpture
2) Archaic smile - structures smile
3) Reflect male beauty
4) More realistic

Question 28

Archaic Period - increase in literacy and artistry -Korai

Answer 28

Both males and females were painted brightly

Question 29

Archaic Period - Increase in literacy and artistry -Mykonos Vase (2)

Answer 29

○ Art depicting fantasy

○ Trojan Horse

Question 30

Archaic Period - Shift from aristocratic values to communal values (3)

Answer 30

Change from

• Basilleis to
• Aristrocratic to
• Egalitarianism

Question 31

Archaic Period - Shift from aristocratic values to communal values - Basilleis (3)

Answer 31

○ Justified position by:
○ Personal Charisma
○ Courage and leadership in battle
Dark Ages

Question 32

Archaic Period - Shift from aristocratic values to communal values - aristocrats (2)

Answer 32

Justified their position by:
○ Ancestry / family
Early archaic period

Question 33

Archaic Period - Shift from aristocratic values to communal values - Egalitarianism

Answer 33

Non elite greek challenged elite
-Greek organized themselves into cities where males citizens could participate in government: Egalitarianism (equal right to citizens)

Question 34

Archaic Period - The Poleis System (5)

Answer 34

• Thebes
• Athens
• Corinth
• Sparta
• Rhodes

Question 35

Archaic Period - The Poleis System - Alternative to poleis (2)

Answer 35

1) Monarchy

2) Ethnos/Federal State

Question 36

Archaic Period - The Poleis System - Alternative to poleis - Monarchy

Answer 36

Rules by one guy ( king )

Question 37

Archaic Period - The Poleis System - Alternative to poleis - Ethnos/ Federal State

Answer 37

A group of people who believe they are the same ethnicity and culture wise you could say

Question 38

Archaic Period - The Polis: Typical Features

Answer 38

1) TEMPLES -God worship
2) AGORA - Government acitvity
3) Pattern of pave street

Question 39

Archaic Period -THE POLIS-SYSTEM: SIGNIFICANCE (4)

Answer 39

• Encourages communal values/ loyalty within city
• Encourages conflict with other poleis
• Prompts Greeks to place immense value on political participation (men)
• Political participation requires rational argument and persuasive speech

Question 40

• Quotes - poet and Aristotle (2)

Answer 40

• Aristotle defines polis as - whoever has the power to participate in the deliberative and judicial offices of the polis as “who ever has the power to participate in the deliberate and judicial offices of the polis.
  - In our nature to argue politics. It’s imbedded within us.
• Alcaeus - A polis is not where there are stones, or wood, or the craftof the builders; a polis and its walls arre found wherever there are men to defend themselves.

Question 41

Archaic Period - Colonization

Answer 41

1) Some migrations during Dark Age (Ionians to Asia Minor)
2) Boom in colonization during the ARCHAIC PERIOD:
Mid - 8th c. BCE to .c 500 BCE