Reflex syncope

Question 1

What is syncope?

Answer 1

Syncope is a transient loss of consciousness due to global cerebral hypoperfusion with rapid onset, short duration, and spontaneous complete recovery.

Question 2

What is reflex syncope?

Answer 2

Reflex syncope is the most common cause of syncope.

Question 3

What are the subtypes of reflex syncope?

Answer 3

The subtypes of reflex syncope include vasovagal, situational, and carotid sinus syncope.

Question 4

What is vasovagal syncope?

Answer 4

Vasovagal syncope is the most common cause of syncope and may account for up to 50% of cases.

Question 5

What triggers vasovagal syncope?

Answer 5

Vasovagal syncope typically occurs in the sitting or standing position and may be triggered by emotion, pain, or stress.

Question 6

What sensations might a patient experience before vasovagal syncope?

Answer 6

The patient may feel warm/hot or ‘light-headed’ prior to loss of consciousness.

Question 7

What is the typical duration of vasovagal syncope?

Answer 7

The duration of vasovagal syncope is typically < 1-2 minutes.

Question 8

What unusual symptoms may suggest an alternative cause after regaining consciousness?

Answer 8

Prolonged fatigue or amnesia is unusual after regaining consciousness and may suggest an alternative cause.

Question 9

What are examples of situational syncope?

Answer 9

Situational syncope can be triggered by cough, micturition, or gastrointestinal events.

Question 10

Can myoclonic jerks occur during vasovagal syncope?

Answer 10

Brief myoclonic jerks can occur during uncomplicated vasovagal syncope.