Myocarditis Flashcards
What is myocarditis?
Myocarditis describes inflammation of the myocardium.
It should be particularly considered in younger patients who present with chest pain.
What are the viral causes of myocarditis?
Coxsackie B and HIV.
What are the bacterial causes of myocarditis?
Diphtheria and clostridia.
What spirochaete is associated with myocarditis?
Lyme disease.
What protozoa are associated with myocarditis?
Chagas’ disease and toxoplasmosis.
What autoimmune condition can cause myocarditis?
Autoimmune disorders.
What drug is known to cause myocarditis?
Doxorubicin.
What is the typical presentation of a patient with myocarditis?
Usually a young patient with an acute history, chest pain, dyspnoea, and arrhythmias.
What investigations are done for myocarditis?
Blood tests showing ↑ inflammatory markers in 99%, ↑ cardiac enzymes, and ↑ BNP; ECG showing tachycardia, arrhythmias, and ST/T wave changes.
What is the management for myocarditis?
Treatment of the underlying cause, e.g., antibiotics if bacterial; supportive treatment for heart failure or arrhythmias.
What are the complications of myocarditis?
Heart failure, arrhythmia possibly leading to sudden death, and dilated cardiomyopathy, usually a late complication.
