Redox Reactions Flashcards
What is a redox reaction?
When a reduction and oxidation happens in the same equation or reaction.
3 properties of oxidation?
Loss of e-s, gain of O, loss of H.
3 properties of reduction?
Gain of e-s, loss of O, gain of H.
OILRIG
Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.
LEO
Loss Electrons Oxidation.
Where are e-s gained in reduction?
On the left.
Where are e-s lost in oxidation?
On the right.
What do oxidation states show?
How many e-s the atom has used in bonding.
What is the oxidation state of an atom in an element?
0.
What is the oxidation state of a simple ion?
Its charge.
What is the fixed oxidation state of group 1?
+1.
What is the fixed oxidation state of group 2?
2+.
What is the fixed oxidation state of group 3?
3+.
What is always the oxidation state of fluorine and why?
-1, most electronegative and able to pull e-s to itself.
What is the oxidation state of O nearly always?
-2.
When does the oxidation state of O change?
When it’s with fluorine and in hydrogen peroxide.
What is the usual oxidation state of chlorine?
-1.
When does the oxidation state of chlorine change?
When it’s with O or F.
When is the oxidations state of H +1?
When bonded to a non metal.
When is the oxidation state of H -1?
When bonded to a metal ion.
The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms and ions in a compound is always what?
0.
The sum of the oxidation states in a polyatomic ion is always what?
The charge of the ion.
An oxidising agent causes another species to be what?
Oxidised and lose electrons.
What happens to the oxidising agent when it’s interacting with another species?
Reduces itself and gains the e-s.
An oxidising agent is called an electron….?
Accepter.
A reducing agent causes another species to be what?
Reduced and gain e-s.
What happens to the reducing agent when it’s interacting with another species?
Oxidises itself and loses the e-s.
A reducing agent is called an electron….?
Donor.
An increase in oxidation states is oxidation or reduction?
Oxidation.
A decrease in oxidation states is oxidation or reduction?
Reduction.
What does a half equation contain?
E-s.
Steps for balancing an easy half equation?
Balance the element, add e-s to make both sides equal charge.
Steps for balancing a hard half equation?
Balance the element that changes oxidation states, add water to side with least O to balance, add H+ ions to balance H, add e-s to make both sides equal charge.
When we put two half equations together we need to make sure of what?
That one shows oxidation and the other shows reduction, e-s cancel out.
What are the steps to combining half equations?
Put product together, put reactants together, cancel e-s, cancel anything else.
