Red & Pigmented Soft Tissue Lesions Flashcards
A 10 y/o boy presents with multiple, focal brown macules averaging 1-4mm in diameter around the vermillion and labial mucosa. It can also be seen around his fingers. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
McCune Albright syndrome
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Racial pigmentation
Smoking associated melanosis
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Which of the following is not a clinical feature of melanoma?
Asymmetry of the lesion
Diameter of lesion is > 6mm
Lesions change with respect to size, shape, color, surface of symptoms over time
Regular borders
Regular borders
A patient presents with multiple focal melanotic brown macules, concentrated periorally. Some macules were also found on cheek mucosa, fingers and hands. Patient says that macules have been there for as long as he can remember. What condition is this likely to be and how will you manage it?
Addison’s disease, correct endocrinopathy
Peutz Jegher Syndrome, warn of increased cancer risk and encourage screening
Smokers melanosis, counsel smoking cessation
Racial pigmentation, no management needed
Peutz Jegher Syndrome, warn of increased cancer risk and encourage screening
A 40 y/o female patient came into the dental clinic to get a check-up. You notice a flat, well-circumscribed and solitary blue-black lesion on her maxillary buccal gingiva. A biopsy was then done and the histopathology findings showed an increase in melanin production but normal numbers of melanocytes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Oral melanotic macule
Oral melanoma
Oral melanocytic naevi
Physiologic pigmentation
Oral melanotic macule
Which of these are true about between hemangiomas and varixes
Hemangiomas most commonly found on the lips but varix more commonly found on the palate
Hemangiomas do not require treatment but varix has to be excised
Both hemangiomas and varix occur at birth
Both hemangiomas and varix occur at birth
Which is true about infantile hemangioma?
It is a type of capillary malformation
It persists throughout life
It is present at birth
It is a true neoplasm of endothelial cells
It is a true neoplasm of endothelial cells
A medically healthy 18 year old female comes into the clinic with several diffused brown macules on attached gingiva . She has no history of smoking. What is the most likely condition?
Drug-induced pigmentation
Smoking-Associated Melanosis
Oral Melanotic Macule
Racial pigmentation
Racial pigmentation
A 25-year-old patient presents with an exophytic red nodule as shown in the picture. Which of the following would you expect the lesion to be?
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Pus-filled
Painful
Bleeds easily spontaneously or under light pressure
More common in males than females
Bleeds easily spontaneously or under light pressure
Which of the following describes smoker’s melanosis?
It is most often found on the labial gingiva.
It is a non-melanin derived condition.
It exists as a localised pigmentation.
Giant cells can be seen under histology.
It is most often found on the labial gingiva.
Which of the following conditions is characterised by red pigmented lesions that typically appear as small flat spots on the skin?
Melanoma
Hemangioma
Pyogenic granuloma
Lymphangioma
Hemangioma
Which of the following is NOT a differential dx for kaposi sarcoma?
pyogenic granuloma
Melanoma
Angiosarcoma
Allergic stomatitis
Allergic stomatitis
A patient presents with multiple irregular pigmented lesions on his palate and maxillary gingiva. The dentist noted that some of the lesions were elevated and measured more than 6mm in diameter. What is the most likely differential diagnosis?
Amalgam Tattoo
Melanoma
Melanotic Macule
Oral Melanocytic Naevi
Melanoma
Which of the following erythemaous lesions is NOT due to infection?
Denture induced stomatitis
Median rhomboid glossitis
Angular chelitis
Geographic tongue
Geographic tongue
A 25 year old pregnant female presented to your clinic with a painless, exophytic, red nodule that bleeds under light pressure. It appeared only during the course of her pregnancy. What is the most likely differential diagnosis?
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Arteriovenous Malformation
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Pyogenic granuloma
Varix
Pyogenic granuloma
Which is true regarding smoker’s melanosis?
A. Increased melanin pigmentation on the squamous cell layer of surface epithelium
B. Treatment requires conservative surgical excision (5% recurrence rate)
C. Exposure to polycyclic ketones such as nicotine and benzpyrene has been shown to stimulate melanin production
D. Histopathologic findings include basilar melanosis with pigmentary incontinence
D. Histopathologic findings include basilar melanosis with pigmentary incontinence
Which of the following lesion is associated with its most common site?
Melanotic macule - upper lip vermillion
Melanolytic nevus - buccal mucosa
Pyogenic granuloma - gingiva
Hemangioma - tongue
Pyogenic granuloma - gingiva
Which of the following is true of racial pigmentation?
It is due to an increase in melanin formation due to an increase in number of melanocytes.
It is only localised in the anterior buccal gingivae in dark-skinned races.
It is due to an increase in melanin formation without an increase in number of melanocytes.
Histological studies show that there is basilar melanosis with pigmentary incontinence.
It is due to an increase in melanin formation without an increase in number of melanocytes.
What is NOT true about oral melanotic macule?
They are usually small, solitary, well-circumscribed, uniformly pigmented macular lesions
They are painless lesions, with flat brownish-black patches
Once it reach a certain size, it does not become darker
The melanocytes becomes dysplastic due to an inherited defect of the melanocytes
The melanocytes becomes dysplastic due to an inherited defect of the melanocytes
A 45 year old patient comes into your clinic complaining of a single, uniformly brown macule on his maxillary buccal gingiva. He states that he is embarrassed of his appearance due to the macule. The lesion is round, flat and well-circumscribed and the patient is not experiencing any signs or symptoms. What would your diagnosis and management of the lesion be?
Racial pigmentation, no treatment
Melanoma, radical excision
Melanotic nevus, no treatment
Oral melanotic macule, excision
Oral melanotic macule, excision
Which pigmented lesion of the Oral Mucosa has localized pigmentation?
Black Hairy Tongue
Melanotic Macule
Racial Pigmentation
Smoker’s melanosis
Melanotic Macule
A 40 year old man walks into your clinic and complains about the single black lesion on the buccal mucosa. Upon taking medical history, you found out that the patient is a smoker. You decide to take an excisional biopsy. Histology shows that there is a lack of inflammation with giant cells present. Which of the following lesions could it be?
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Smoker’s melanosis
Malignant melanoma
Oral Melanocytic Macule
Amalgam Tattoo
Amalgam Tattoo
which of the following description of pigmented lesion is true?
Black Hairy tongue: Accmulation of keratin in fungiform papilla on dorsum tongue, caused by dehydration & poor diet
Erythroplakia: present with severe epithelium dysplasia and has lower malignant transformation rate compared to leukoplakia
Melanotic macule: painless brown evenly pigmented small macule, usually on lip vermillion and common in kids.
Pyogenic granuloma: neoplastic proliferation of endothelial cells and capillaries in response to local injury
Melanotic macule: painless brown evenly pigmented small macule, usually on lip vermillion and common in kids.
A patient presents with a red to purple patch which later developed into a nodular, ulcerative and multi-focal lesion. Which of the following histological features would aid in confirming the diagnosis of this lesion as Kaposi’s Sarcoma?
Presence of numerous endothelial lines channels that are engorged with RBCs
Presence of dilated blood-filled vascular channel lined with single layer of flattened endothelial cells and a thin wall of fibrous tissue filled with RBCs
There is no need for histology as the condition can be diagnosed clinically.
Presence of cellular proliferation of spindle cells with vascular channels lining them with presence of extravasated RBCs with hemosiderin.
Presence of cellular proliferation of spindle cells with vascular channels lining them with presence of extravasated RBCs with hemosiderin.
Which of the following is false about contact stomatitis?
An inflammatory process involving the oral mucosa in contact with irritant or allergen
Local reaction after repeated or direct surface mucosal exposure to physical or chemical irritant
T cell mediated, delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction to successive exposure to contact allergens
Appear as smooth compressible swellings under normal/bluish skin as macrocystic malformations
Appear as smooth compressible swellings under normal/bluish skin as macrocystic malformations
