Basic Histology Flashcards
Multinucleated giant cells are a special class of giant cells formed by fusion of cells of monocytes/macrophage lineage. What is the name of the giant cell tumour observed in Hodgkin lymphoma?
A) Anaplastic cancer giant cells
B) Osteoclastic tumour giant cells: in giant cell tumours
C) Reed sternberg cells
D) Tuoton giant cells
C
Which of the following is false?
A) Acanthosis usually results in increased thickness of the squamous epithelium
B) Erosion is typically secondary to inflammation
C) Hyperchromatic nuclei is indicative of proliferative status
D) Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio decreases in epithelial dysplasia
D
Which of the following descriptions matches the terminology?
A) Epithelial atrophy: thinning of the epithelium associated with decrease in number of epithelial cells
B) Epithelial hyperplasia: characterized by increased cell size, which usually results in increased thickness of the squamous epithelium
C) Hyperchromatic nuclei: lightly stained nucleus
D) Hyperkeratosis: thickening of the stratum spinosum
A
Which of the following is correct?
A) Enamel matrix forms inwards while dentine matrix forms outwards
B) Outer enamel epithelium gives rise to ameloblasts that forms enamel
C) Stratum intermedium are located between outer enamel epithelium and inner enamel epithelium
D) Stellate reticulum are star shaped cells that forms a network
D
(See document for picture of intra-epithelial separation)
Which of the following is not a histological feature of ossifying fibroma?
A) Absence of peripheral osteoid and osteoblastic rimming
B) Bony trabeculae demonstrates both lamellar and woven patterns
C) Cementum-like spherules demonstrate peripheral brush borders
D) Presence of small, spherical basophilic cementicles
A
What are the histological features of ameloblastoma?
A) Lace-like pattern of osteoid in eosinophilic matrix
B) Multinucleated giant cells
C) Mosaic pattern of lamellar bone
D) Odontogenic epithelial islands
D
What is true of multinucleated giant cells?
A) Presence of these cells indicates a malignant lesion
B) Such cells are found in Aneurysmal Bone Cysts
C) Such cells only appear in response to foreign bodies
D) They are formed via the fusion of neutrophils
B
Which is the first stage of mitosis?
A) Anaphase
B) Interphase
C) Metaphase
D) Prophase
D
What are the characteristics of acanthosis?
A) Destruction of epithelium extending through full thickness of epithelium
B) Excessively thickened layer of stratum corneum
C) Fluid-filled blisters
D) Thickening of epithelium associated with increased cell numbers
D
Which epithelial layer is thickened in hyperkeratosis of keratinised oral mucosa?
A) Stratum basale
B) Stratum corneum
C) Stratum granulosum
D) Stratum spinosum
B
(See document for picture of foreign body giant cells)
What is the LEAST associated with epithelial pathology?
A) Desquamation of keratinocytes
B) Increased nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio
C) Drop shaped rete ridges
D) Thickening of stratum corneum
A (normal process of skin replenishing its skin cells)
Which of the following is true of multinucleated giant cells?
A) Patients suffering from dermatological disorders may share similar histological features.
B) These cells exist only in tumours.
C) They are formed from the fusion of cells of mesenchymal lineage.
D) They can be found within biomaterial implantation beds.
D
Epithelial pathologies are usually picked up by abnormal histological findings; either architectural or cellular changes. Which of the following can you expect to see in epithelial pathology?
A) Cellular Pleomorphism
B) Decreased N:C
C) Hypochromatism
D) Lightly stained nucleus
A
Hyperkeratosis refers to the thickening of which layer of the epithelium?
A) Stratum basale
B) Stratum corneum
C) Stratum granulosum
D) Stratum spinosum
B
What is true about osteoclasts?
A) Osteoclasts are responsible for bone formation
B) Osteoclasts are rarely multinucleated
C) Osteoclasts lie in Haversian canals
D) Osteoclasts exist on the surface of bone trabeculae
D
Which of the following describes what occurs during the bud stage?
A) Enamel organ collages and reduces to few layer thick epithelium called the reduced enamel epithelium
B) Histo-differentiation and Morpho-differentiation gives rise to outer enamel epithelium, inner enamel epithelium and stellate reticulum
C) Inner enamel epithelium differentiate into ameloblasts
D) Enamel organ consists of peripherally located low columnar cells and centrally located polygonal cells
D
Which of the following is a type of inflammatory multinucleated giant cell:
A) Foreign body giant cell
B) Anaplastic cancer giant cell
C) Reed-sternberg cell
D) Osteoclastic tumor giant cell
A
What is true about endophytic growth and exophytic growth?
A) Both involve lesions that grow outwards from the mucosa.
B) Both involve lesions that grow inwards into underlying tissues
C) Exophytic lesions grow inwards into underlying tissues; Endophytic lesions grow outwards from the mucosa
D) Exophytic lesions grow outwards from the mucosa; Endophytic lesions grow inwards into underlying tissues
D
Which of the following statements is true about the histology of bone?
A) Compact bone is composed of trabeculae of bone that form an interconnected meshwork within the bone
B) Haversian canals are present in the trabeculae of cancellous bone
C) Spaces between the trabeculae is filled by either red or yellow bone marrow
D) Woven bone consists of collagen fibers in the preferred orientation
C
Which of the following is not a characteristic of epithelial dysplasia?
A) Basaloid appearance in more than one layer of cells
B) Keratinisation of single cells in prickle cell layer
C) Mitosis within basal cells
D) Nuclear hyperchromatism
C
Which of these is not related to multi-nucleated giant cells
A) Central-giant cell granuloma
B) Aneurysmal bone cyst
C) Peripheral-giant cell granuloma
D) Ameloblastoma
D
Mr Chua has been diagnosed with a bleeding disorder to which he has had no previous intervention/treatment. Which of the following tests is not appropriate in the measurement of the defects in his coagulation cascade?
A) PT
B) INR
C) aPTT
D) Platelet count
B
