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CPS > Recovery > Flashcards

Recovery Flashcards

1
Q

List the CEPSAF fatality rates in different species

A
  • Dogs: 0.17
  • Cats -0.24
  • Rabbits: 1.39%
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2
Q

When do most anaesthetic related deaths occur?

A

Recovery period

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3
Q

Are more anaesthetic deaths linked to TIVA or inhalation anaesthesia?

A

Inhalation

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4
Q

Who records/ monitors equine deaths under anaesthesia?

A

CEPEF (0.9% for horses )

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5
Q

Describe some of the risk factors for anaesthesia

A
  • ASA category of patient
  • Breed
  • Age (less resserves)
  • Condition/ weight
  • Duration of anaesthesia (+1.5hrs more likely to have problems)
  • Drugs used
  • Temperature
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6
Q

What should be present in the recovery area?

A
  • Oxygen delivery system
  • Anaesthesia induction drugs
  • Fluid therapy equipment
  • Crash box
  • Monitoring equipment
  • Warming devices
  • Bedding
  • Suction
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7
Q

How do you monitor the patient in recovery?

A
  • ABC

- HR/Temp/Resp (TPR)

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8
Q

What must you do once the surgery has ended and the patient is still on the breathing system?

A
  • Turn off vapouriser
  • Dump reservoir bag so it is filled with fresh gas
    -Increase oxygen
    (If been on NO too then turn off NO and leave on 100% O2 for 10 mins)
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9
Q

How do you disconnect your patient?

A
  • DISCONNECT from breathing system
  • Turn off oxygen
  • Scavenge breathing gases (put finger over top and dump bag again)
  • Move patient to recovery area
  • Loosen tube ties
  • DON’T deflate cuff until ready to extubate
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10
Q

Why do you not deflate the cuff earlier?

A

Because they still cannot control their airways so they are still at risk of regurgitating and aspirating

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11
Q

When do you remove the tube in different species?

A
  • Dogs: when gag reflex returns (same with horses, ruminants, pigs)
  • Cats: don’t delay extubation (difficult to judge, do it when blink becomes stronger)
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12
Q

Do you extubate on inspiration or expiration?

A

Inspiration= when the arytenoids are naturally abducted causing less damage

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13
Q

How do you deal with Brachycephalics? (dogs with BOAS)

A

Leave tube in as long as possible, preferably until they are sat up just before they start fussing at it

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14
Q

What can happen in cats if extubated incorrectly?

A

Largyngospasm

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15
Q

What are the signs of airway obstruction?

A
  • Increased respiratory movement/ noise/ effort
  • Abdominal breathing/ nares flaring
  • Air hunger posture
  • Cyanosis
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16
Q

What does paradoxical movement mean?

A

As they breathe in chest compresses instead of expanding

17
Q

What should you do with a patient with airway obstruction?

A
  • Open mouth, use laryngoscope
  • Pull tongue forward and use suction blood/ mucus
  • Reintubate if possible
18
Q

When monitoring the SP02% when would you supplement with oxygen?

A

When it falls below 93%

19
Q

How do you monitor circulation during recovery?

A

-Palpate femoral pulse
-Monitor pulse rate/ quality every 5 mins to begin with
(Also can use ECG, measure BP, CRT)

20
Q

What are the main problems faced by horses in anaesthesia?

A
  • Hypotension
  • Hypoxia
  • Hypercapnia
  • Poor positioning
21
Q

What is mismatch ventilation?

A
  • Perfusion is best at most dorsal region of lungs but ventilation is poorest here due to high pressure
  • Only small central bit is matched.
22
Q

Describe post op myopathy

A

-Caused by malposition. hypotension
-Symptoms:
mild lameness to inability to stand
hard/ painful/ swollen muscles
Sweating
Difficulty breathing
(hypotension: lack of oxygen delivery to large muscles)

23
Q

How do you tell the difference between neuropathy and myopathy?

A

-In true neuropathy horse cannot weight bear at all but in myopathy then can for short periods.

24
Q

What are the common nerves damaged for port of neuropathy in the horse?

A
  • Facial (poor induction and horse hits head when falls)

- Radial (forelimb not extended in lat recumbency, too much pressure on radial nerve)

25
Q

How can you support a horse with post op myopathy?

A

Strong analgesia and plenty of fluids to help support the kidneys from muscle cell lysis

26
Q

What is the name of the fatal spinal problem sometimes suffered in horses after anaesthesia?

A
  • Spinal cord malacia

- More common in heavy breed horses

27
Q

How do you manage nasal oedema during recovery in horses?

A

It will resolve itself as they stand

-Recover the horse with ET tube in place, pull out of the diastema and wrap lots of vet wrap around it

28
Q

What is pulmonary oedema/ when is it seen?

A
  • Seen in horses during recovery
  • Frothy/ pinkish fluid at the nostrils after horse has been reintubated
  • Remove obstruction, reintubate if possible

(Thought to be related to changes in venous return and an influx of fluid into alveoli)

CPS (11 decks)

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