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Microbial Biology > Recombinant DNA Technology > Flashcards

Recombinant DNA Technology Flashcards

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1
Q

Genetic Engineering

A

Altering the genome of an organism

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2
Q

Recombinant DNA Technology

A

Procedures to carry out genetic engineering

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3
Q

Biotechnology

A

Use of organisms to form useful products

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4
Q

cDNA

A

Complementary DNA

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5
Q

Vectors

A

Carriers of foreign DNA

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6
Q

Autoradiography

A

Method for detecting radioactively labeled molecules

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7
Q

Oligonucleotides

A

Short manmade pieces of DNA or RNA with known nucleotide sequences

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8
Q

Three conditions that promote DNA take up

A

Salty
Electrical fields
Cold

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9
Q

Gene probe

A

Used to identify where gene is being activated and to identify gene of interest in DNA libraries

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10
Q

How can we insert genes into eukaryotic cells?

A

Microinjection
Electroporation
Gene guns

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11
Q

Gene application

A

Medical
Industrial
Agricultural

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12
Q

What are restriction enzymes?

A

Enzymes used to chop up DNA. Cleave DNA in a conserved manner, leaving sticky ends.

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13
Q

Reverse transcriptase example

A

Retro virus (RNA viruses) inserts RNA into a cell and synthesizes double stranded DNA

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14
Q

What are plasmids? Chimera?

A

Short circular sequences of DNA that often bear antibiotic resistance genes. Chimera is a recombinant plasmid that contains foreign DNA.

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15
Q

How do we determine what a gene does?

A

We knock it out (indel) and observe phenotypic differences

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16
Q

What is PCR and who discovered it?

A

Synthesizes a large qty of DNA fragment cloning. Kary Mullis.

17
Q

What are three steps of PCR?

A

Denature
Anneal
Synthesize

18
Q

What are four characteristics of vectors?

A

Origin of replication
Replicates in situ
Small
Phenotypic marker

19
Q

What are phage vectors and what do they do?

A

Besides a plasmid vector we can use them to create DNA libraries. Viral vectors that can directly insert DNA for us.

Microbial Biology (6 decks)

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