Bacteria Flashcards
Phylum Aquificae
Oldest branch of bacteria
Reduced metabolism
Aquifex
Phylum Thermotogae
Second oldest
Extremophiles
Have toga like structures that could come out of their cell walls
Thermotoga
25% genes identical to Archaea
Dienococcus
Deinococci
Capacity to reassemble its genome
Thrives in high levels of radiation
Within 12-24hrs can ligate DNA back together after radiation
Photosynthetic bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Anoxygenic
Cyanobacteria
Do everything a chloroplast does
Anoxygenic
Not liberating oxygen; everything outside of cyanobacteria
Can live in aerobic environment, sulfur bacteria can only live in anaerobic
Not nearly as efficacious as oxygenic
Taxonomy of photosynthetic bacteria
Phylum Chloroflexi Chlorobi Cyanobacteria Proteobacteria Firmicutes
Chloroflexi
Green nonsulfur bacteria
Ubiquitous
Grow in form of mats
Photosynthetic several meters below the surface
Anoxygenic photosynthesis- can become a chemoheterotroph in aerobic conditions
Likes to form associations with other creatures
Chlorobi
Green sulfur bacteria
Elaborate gas vesicles
Have chlorosomes (photosystems involved in plasma membranes)
Chlorosomes
Photosystems involved in plasma membranes in Chlorobi
Cyanobacteria
Blue green algae
Kings of photosynthetic bacteria, most ancient
Multicellularity
Never flagellated
Types of cells in Cyanobacteria
Vegetative - flattened/coccoid (normal)
Heterocytes - nitrogen fixation; strictly anaerobic
Polar nodules that allow them to move fixed nitrogen to other cells
Akinetes
Similar to spores; allow survival during stressful conditions
Baeocytes aka endospores
Spores formed by internal division of vegetative cells
Exospores
Spores cut off from one end of the parental cell