Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) Flashcards

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1
Q

Give some examples of RTKs

A

Insulin receptor
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
Platelet derived growth factor receptor
Epidermal growth factor receptor

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2
Q

Give some examples of processes RTKs are involved with

A

Glycogen synthesis
New blood vessel growth
Embryonic development
Cell proliferation
Cell migration
Growth, proliferation and differentiation

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3
Q

How do RTKs and cytokine receptors differ?

A

RTKs have intrinsic kinase activity (kinase is part of receptor)

Cytokine receptors are linked to a kinase that is not a part of the receptor itself

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4
Q

What is the ligand for the epidermal growth factor receptor?

A

Epidermal growth factor (EGF)

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5
Q

What does EGF stand for?

A

Epidermal growth factor

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6
Q

Human EGF is a polypeptide of how many amino acids?

A

53 (small)

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7
Q

What does EGF signal for?

A

Regulation of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation

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8
Q

When tyrosine kinase interacts with the tail tyrosine residues, what does the tyrosine become?

A

phosphotyrosine (tyrosine phosphate)

due to phosphorylation

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9
Q

What medical consequence can a single point mutation in Ras have?

A

Colorectal cancer

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10
Q

What type of kinase is Raf?

A

serine/threonine kinase

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11
Q

What does MAPKK stand for?

A

Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase

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12
Q

What is another name for MEK?

A

MAPKK

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13
Q

What is another name for Raf?

A

MAPKKK

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14
Q

What is another name for ERK?

A

MAPK

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15
Q

What is the c-fos gene?

A

Early response gene leading to proliferation development

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16
Q

If something goes wrong in the signal pathway for influencing transcription of the c-fos gene, what medical consequence can occur?

A

Colorectal cancer

17
Q

What transcription factors do ERK and p90 phosphorylate at the nucleus?

A

Ternary Complex Factor (TCF) and Serum response factor (SRF)