Readings Flashcards
primary memory
the contents of our immediate, ongoing awareness. Now known as immediate, short-term or working memory.
The 2 store model of memory
Work of Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin.
Schematic that shows how information flows through the various aspects of our declarative memory system.
Span of apprehension
is the apparent limit for being able to recall information.
Span of short term visual memory
Lasts only about a fifth of a second.
Sperling’s experiments
provide an example of what appears to be a simple decay of information from memory.
backward masking
occurs when symbols overwrite the digital information in the iconic memory before it can be transferred to the next stage of processing.
chunking
putting information into chunks, i.e. making a song or putting letters in a word arrangment means that the information will only be one piece rather than one for all individual letters etc.
attention
there are limits to attentional resources as well as limits on how well we can divide attention.
cocktail party effect
the sensory and perceptual
systems of the brain can detect, analyze, and filter out information
about events in the external environment before you become
consciously aware of them.
consciousness
the primary brain system responsible
for consciousness is the cerebral cortex.
Alan Baddley
coined the terms involved in working memory. - phonological loop for temporary storage of verbal speech material. visuospatial sketchpad for visual temporary storage
Baddley’s theory and brain position
central executive function
is performed by the prefrontal cortex, that the visuospatial
sketchpad operates in the posterior visual association cortex, and
that the phonological loop may use the short-term verbal memory
area in the posterior cortex.
semantic and episodic brain locations
the left prefrontal cortex seems particularly involved in retrieving semantic information,
whereas the right prefrontal cortex is more involved in retrieving
episodic information
frontal lobes in memory
perform the executive function in memory.
explicit episodic memory
explicit episodic memory deals with knowing that
