Reading Development (W4) Flashcards
What are the 3 main periods of reading development?
- Emergent (birth - kindergarten)
- Learning to read (kindergarten - 3rd grade)
- Reading to learn (3rd grade +)
What are you learning in the ‘learning to read’ stage?
Learning to ID written words THEN comprehend
What are you learning in the ‘reading to learn’ stage?
Know how to read well enough that the primary way to gain information is through reading
Substages of ‘emergent’ literacy stage
- Logographic stage
- Transition stage
Logographic stage
- substage of emergent literacy stage
- word is recognized as a whole unit, frequently tied to a context, can’t read new words, are easily fooled when context changes,
Transition stage
- Substage of emergent literacy stage
- Use partial alphabetic cues (e.g., initial sound) to recognize words
Substages of ‘learning to read’ literacy stage
- Alphabetic Stage
- Orthographic Stage
All substages of all literacy periods
- Logographic (E)
- Transition (E)
- Alphabetic (L)
- Orthographic (L)
- Reading to learn new information
- Multiple viewpoints
- Construction & reconstruction
Alphabetic stage
- Substage of learning to read literacy stage
- roughly around kindergarten
- using sound/letter correspondences to decode novel words (true decoding)
Orthographic stage
- Substage of learning to read literacy stage
- Using letter sequences, meaning-based units as a direct route to mental lexicon, no phonological conversion
- Rec. letter sequences, words they’ve seen before, etc.
Complications of the alphabetic stage: (why it’s hard to master the alphabetic principle)
- Lack of one-to-one correspondence between sounds and letters (deep orthography due to coarticulation & allophonic variation)
- Irregularities of English spelling (251 spellings of 44 phonemes)
- Graphemes take on several forms
Being able to decode doesn’t guarantee fluent, automatic word recognition. It only provides the opportunity to become a good reader. You also need…
- Good vocab/lexicon to rec. the word
- Visual memory (so you don’t have to decode each time) to automatically rec the word
- Cognitive processing capacity to do this efficiently and quickly.
Problems w/the stage model of reading for word recognition (2). Each stage…
- Describes knowledge the child news, but not how the child gets that knowledge
- Gives appearance that each stage is discrete (self-contained), but this is not the case (child does NOT graduate from the alphabetic stage before entering the orthographic stage, etc. they overlap)
Reading stages beyond age 8… (3) (and associated ages)
- Reading to learn new information (ages 9-14)
- Multiple viewpoints (ages 14-18)
- Construction & deconstruction (age 18+)
Reading to learn new information (ages 9-14)
- Reading in content areas for facts, concepts, how to do things
- Can read common adult literature
- Decoding continues for longer, unfamiliar words
