Reading chapter 2 Flashcards
Eisenmenger’s syndrome?
Septal defect characterized by pulmonary hypertension and cyanosis due to right-to-left shunting of blood instead of left to right
Levo-transposition?
An acyanotic heart defect whereby the aorta is anterior and to the left of the pulmonary artery
Dextro-transposition?
Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right heart through the aorta bypassing the lungs
Tetralogy of fallot?
Most common cyanotic heart defect. Four malformations are possible:
-Pulmonary stenosis
-Overriding aorta
-Ventricular septal defect
-Right ventricular hypertrophy
Right-to-left shunt occurs when deoxygenated venous blood reaches systemic circulation without passing through the lungs, often causing life-threatening hypoxemia
Pulmonary valve stenosis?
Heart valve disorder affecting the outflow of blood from the right ventricle at the level of the pulmonary valve
Patent ductus arteriosus?
Congenital disorder of the heart where the ducts arteriosus fails to close after birth. Paten means “open.” The ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that allows blood to bypass the baby’s lungs before birth
Infective endocarditis?
An inflammation of the tissue of the heart, particularly the inner lining of the chamber and the heart valves
CAD?
Coronary artery disease is narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart
MI?
Myocardial infarction is when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked for a long enough time that part of the heart muscle is damaged or dies
HF?
Heart failure is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood the rest of the body
Edema?
Swelling or fluid build-up. Clinical factor in heart failure, secondary to elevated peripheral resistance and increased blood volume
Hypoxia?
A deficiency in the amount of oxygen delivered to body tissues
