Reading and Text Comprehension (EXAM 3) Flashcards
Saccades
Short movements our eyes make from one point to another (info not extracted during saccades)
Perceptual Span
How much your eyes can cover during a fixation. Extending 3-4 letters to the left of fixation. Up to 15 letters to the right (for left-to-right language)
Fixation Time
Time spent reading a word
Used as a measure of processing
What influences fixation time?
Frequency, Predictability, Length, Familiarity
Spillover Effect
Fixation time on a word is longer when it is preceded by a rare word
Regression
Backwards eye movement - Used to clarify confusion
Skipping
No fixation made
Dyslexia
Difficulty with reading + writing
Due to difficulty mapping orthography to phonemes (leads to trouble spelling + reading)
Parsing
Breaking a sentence down into different grammatical phrases
Occurs while you’re setnece down into different grammatical don’t wait until the end
Garden Path Sentences
Those that initially lead you astrary
Garden Path approach
You choose the simplest phrase strucutre that will accommodate the words heard so far
Language Rules: Describe vs. Prescriptive
Describe rules: Rules that correspond to how a language is normally used
Prescriptive Rules: Rules for how a language OUGHT to be used (proper grammar)
Whole-word approach
Rote learning of words
Eventually learn to recognize upon a quick glance
Phonics
Sounding out words by noting their corresponding between the component letters and their sounds (cap -> /K/+/A/+/P/ )
Whole-langauge approach
Readers are encouraged to guess at new or unfamiliar words by using illustrations, context, and storyline