Reader week 2

Question 1

how to obtain priesthood

Answer 1

obtain a benefice or cure of souls carrying an income

reach grade of ‘deacon’ (subdeacon-deacon-priest)

Question 2

responsibility of the church

Answer 2

social welfare
hospitals (ecclesiastical foundations)
education (schools were under clerical control)

Question 3

monastic vows

Answer 3

poverty
chastity
obedience
stability of place

Question 4

medicants

Answer 4

orders of friars
stricter rule of poverty
but no vow of stability of place

Question 5

secular clergy distinctions

Answer 5

Important distinction: Major and Minor orders

less important distinction: ‘clerical elite’ and ‘ordinary run’

Question 6

Minor orders

Answer 6

had taken the ‘first tonsure’ (shaved spot on top of head)
might perform duties in church
were permitted to marry
no benefices
when charged with crime: could plead his ‘clergy’ (went to bishop’s prison)

Question 7

Major orders

Answer 7

celibacy!!

to hold benefice: at least 24 and deacon and intent to be priest

Question 8

ordinary run

Answer 8

those who were likely to be actively concerned with the care of souls or the service of an altar at parochial level

Question 9

The elite

Answer 9

less like to be concerned with souls or service to an altar

usually clerks who trained at university

Question 10

income of rector of a parish

Answer 10

1. tithes
2. cultivation of his glebe (his share of land in the village fields)
3. regular offerings and mortuary dues

Question 11

open e

Answer 11

hook under letter
corresponds to modern -ea (speak)
clene = clean –> open e

Question 12

closed e

Answer 12

dot under letter
corresponds to modern -e and -ee (he, see)
deme = deem –> closed e

Question 13

open o

Answer 13

hook under letter
[ou] (most, stone, throat)
GOAT vowel

Question 14

closed o

Answer 14

dot under letter
[u:] for o or oo (food, good, blood, other)
monotone sounds in PDE