Reaction of Lipids Flashcards
Hydrolysis usually took place to ____ because they have ester links.
triacylglycerol
Functional groups that are easily hydrolysable
ester and amide functional groups
Complete Hydrolysis
Triacylglycerol will be hydrolyzed to form a molecule of glycerol and three molecule of fatty acids.
Partial hydrolysis
When one or more fatty acid residue
remains (NOT 3)
Partial Hydrolysis follow a stepwise manner
IN GLYCEROL
The 1st fatty acid that is hydrolyzed is the Carbon link, followed by Carbon 2.
And end product will be monoacylglycerol - kasi if 3 matanggal maging complete hydrolysis
Hydrolysis
Carried out by enzymes produced by the pancreas in a stepwise manner
Breaking of outer fatty acids produces diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol
Saponification is important in the production of ___
Soaps
Usual composition of Soaps
Fatty Acid Salts
soaps based on its composition
Sodium Hydroxide - Hard Soap
Potassium Hydroxide - soft or liquid soap
Saponification
Hydrolysis in basic solution
Products: Fatty acid and glycerol salts
Example of Saponification
Fat or Oil + 3 Water –> 3 Fatty acids + glycerol
3 Fatty Acids + 3 NaOH –> 3 Fatty acids + 3 Water
Hydrogenation usually took place when fatty acids of triacylglycerol are mainly composed of ____
unsaturated fatty acids
Process to make Margarine and Peanut Butter
Hydrogenation
Peanut Butter is produced from ____
Partial Hydrogenation of Peanut Oil
Margarine is produced from
Hydrogenation of liquid plant oil
Hydrogenation
Addition of hydrogen across C–C multiple bonds, which increases degree of saturation
Reason for rancidification of oils because C=C is oxidatively cleaved which result to the production of aldehyde (more pronounced since it is more volatile) and carboxylic acid who has a foul odor.
Oxidation
To avoid rancidification ___ is added as preservative, examples of this are Vitamin C and Vitamin E
Antioxidants
Double bonds in triacylglycerols are subject to ____ with oxygen (an oxidizing agent)
Oxidation
