Messenger Lipids

Question 1

Most common messenger lipids

Answer 1

Hormone

Question 2

3 types of lipid based hormones

Answer 2

Steroid Hormones
Adrenocorticoid Hormones
Eicosanoids (not considered as true hormones)

Question 3

Biochemical substances produced by a ductless gland that has a messenger function, serve as a means of communication between various tissues, and some of them are lipids

Answer 3

Hormones

Question 4

The lipids that play the role of “chemical messengers” include:

Answer 4

Steroid hormone - Derivative of cholesterol

Eicosanoid - Derivative of fatty acids

Question 5

two major classes of steroid hormones

Answer 5

Sex hormones - Control reproduction and secondary sex characteristics
Adrenocorticoid hormones - Regulate numerous biochemical processes in the body

Question 6

three major subclasses of sex hormones

Answer 6

Estrogens—the female sex hormones
Androgens—the male sex hormones
Progestins—the pregnancy hormones

Question 7

They are produces by the gonads and to some extent by the adrenal gland

Answer 7

sex hormones

Question 8

Produced by the adrenal glands

Answer 8

Adrenocorticoid Hormone

Question 9

___ Different hormones have been isolated from the

adrenal cortex

Answer 9

28

Question 10

Types of adrenocorticoid hormones

Answer 10

Mineralocorticoids - Control the balance of Na+ and K+ ions in cells

Glucocorticoids - Control glucose metabolism and counteract inflammation

Question 11

Prime example of Mineralocorticoids in the body

Answer 11

Aldosterone - part on RAAS system which takes place if mababa ang blood pressure, mababa ang mineral/sodium/salt content of the body

RAAS - long term management for blood pressure

Question 12

Eicosanoids

Answer 12

● Arachidonic acid (20:4) derivatives
● Have profound physiological effects at extremely
low concentrations
● Are hormone-like molecules
● Exert their effects in the tissues where they are
synthesized
● Usually have a very short “life”

Question 13

Neurotransmitter travels in ___; Hormones travels in ___

Answer 13

Neurons; Blood Stream

Question 14

____ does not travel in the blood; and the one that produces it is the one that also needs it

Answer 14

Eicosanoids

Question 15

Three Types of Eicosanoids

Answer 15

Prostaglandin (PGE)
Thromboxane (TXA)
Leukotriene (LK)

Question 16

Physiological Effects of Eicosanoids

Answer 16

Include mediation of:

1. Inflammatory response
2. Production of pain and fever
3. Regulation of blood pressure
4. Induction of blood clotting
5. Control of reproductive functions, such as induction of labor
6. Regulation of the sleep/wake cycle

Question 17

Most commonly found eicosanoid

Answer 17

Prostaglandin

Question 18

C20-fatty-acid derivative containing cyclopentane ring and oxygen-containing functional groups

Answer 18

Prostaglandin

Question 19

Prostaglandin is involved in:

Answer 19

Raising body temperature
Inhibiting the secretion of gastric juices
Increasing the secretion of a protective mucus layer into the stomach
Relaxing and contracting smooth muscle
Directing water and electrolyte balance
Intensifying pain and enhancing inflammation responses

Question 20

C20-fatty-acid derivative containing a cyclic ether ring and oxygen-containing functional groups

Answer 20

Thromboxane

Question 21

Thromboxane promote ___

Answer 21

platelet aggregation

Question 22

C2-fatty-acid derivative containing three conjugated double bonds and hydroxy groups

Answer 22

Leukotriene

Question 23

Leukotriene promote ____

Answer 23

inflammatory and hypersensitivity (allergy) responses