Re take (best one ) Flashcards

1
Q

Network Switch

A

Joins computers together on a LAN. Receives and sends packets.

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2
Q

Foreign Key

A

A field that links to a primary key in a second table.

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3
Q

Referential Integrity

A

When database relationships are consistent.

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4
Q

Multicore Processor

A

More than one processing unit in a single processor, which can process instructions at the same time.

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5
Q

IP Protocol

A

To route data

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6
Q

which type of data structure is a Linked List

A

Dynamic data structure.

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7
Q

OOP (Object-Oriented Programming)

A

Focuses on reusability and easy update of code.

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8
Q

Link Layer

A

Responsible for the transmission of data between two nodes over a physical connection

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9
Q

CU (Control Unit)

A

Sends out control signals to other parts of the CPU

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10
Q

PC (Program Counter)

A

Holds the address in memory of the next instruction

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11
Q

MAR (Memory Address Register)

A

Stores the address of the data that needs to be fetched from memory

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12
Q

MDR (Memory Data Register)

A

Stores the data that has been fetched from main memory

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13
Q

CIR (Current Instruction Register)

A

Stores the most recent instruction waiting to be decoded or executed

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14
Q

what happens in the Fetch stage(mention registers)

A

The PC copies the address of the next instruction into the MAR

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15
Q

Decode

A

The CU decodes the instruction

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16
Q

Execute

A

The CPU executes the instructions within the CIR

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17
Q

CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer)

A

Supports more instructions, requiring more power and generating more heat

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18
Q

RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)

A

Supports fewer instructions, requiring less power and generating less heat

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19
Q

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)

A

An example of an array processor, used for parallel processing and tasks like breaking passwords

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20
Q

Parallel Processing

A

Simultaneous processing of data

21
Q

SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data)

A

Array processing where the same instruction is carried out on multiple data

22
Q

MIMD (Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data)

A

Multicore processing where different instructions are carried out concurrently on different data

23
Q

Flat File

A

A database storage where all the data is stored in one large table, with advantages in easy setup but redundant data

24
Q

OCR (Optical Character Recognition)

A

Technology for converting printed or handwritten text into machine-readable data

25
DBMS (Database Management System)
Software that enforces data integrity rules, provides secure access, and encryption for databases
26
2NF (Second Normal Form)
A database normalization level where there are no partial dependencies
27
3NF (Third Normal Form)
A database normalization level where all fields are dependent only on the primary key
28
SQL (Structured Query Language)
A language for managing and manipulating relational databases, with SELECT, WHERE, and JOIN statements
29
Transaction
A change or set of changes made to a database
30
Atomicity
Ensures a transaction is fully completed or not at all
31
Consistency
Requires any change to follow the referential integrity rules
32
Isolation
Ensures one change to the database does not interfere with another
33
Durability
Requires a transaction to be saved permanently in the database
34
Data Integrity
Refers to the accuracy and reliability of data
35
Redundancy
When a database is cloned and operates concurrently with the original database
36
NIC (Network Interface Card)
Enables a computer to be connected to a network
37
Router
Connects different networks together
38
Standard
A formalized protocol accepted by most parties implementing it
39
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Used to ensure error-free transmission
40
IP (Internet Protocol)
Used to transfer packets across the internet between routers
41
DNS (Domain Name System)
Used to name and organize internet resources, matching URLs to IP addresses
42
Firewalls
Monitor and filter data going into and out of a network
43
Proxies
Computers interposed between a network and a remote resource
44
Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer
Lack of accessibility when a peer goes offline and difficulty in centrally updating software
45
Computers in the Workforce
Employees may be subject to monitoring to assess productivity
46
Automated Decision Making
Computers use algorithms to make decisions, dependent on accurate data and quality algorithms
47
AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Can perform repetitive or hazardous jobs but may lead to job displacement for humans
48
Environmental Issues
Cryptocurrency mining consumes large amounts of electricity, but electronic communication reduces paper and fuel usage for remote work
49
Censorship
Authorities limiting people's access to information