exam QS

Question 1

what is compression

Answer 1

the process of reducing the size of a file

Question 2

what is an embedded OS(2)

Answer 2

• software used to manage the device
• stored in the device’s ROM

Question 3

what is optical storage

Answer 3

read/write to using laser examples Blu-Ray

Question 4

what is a device driver

Answer 4

a program that enables communication between an operating system and hardware device

Question 5

what is utility software(2)

Answer 5

• program with one purpose
• used for upkeep(maintenance) of the system

Question 6

what are the problem with an overwritten BIOS(2)

Answer 6

• the computer would not be able to boot
• making the computer unusable

Question 7

what is a server

Answer 7

• a device which provides a central point of access

Question 8

where does the title of the page appear

Answer 8

• displayed in the tab of the page

Question 9

what is pipelining(3)

Answer 9

• one instruction can be fetched
• whilst another is being decoded + and another is executed
• the output of one instruction is an input for another

Question 10

what is the function of the ACC in the FDE cycle(2)

Answer 10

• holds all inputs and outputs
• stores the results of calculations from ALU

Question 11

what is the function of the PC in the FDE cycle(2)

Answer 11

• increments by one on every cycle
• holds the address of the next instruction to be executed

Question 12

what is the function of the CIR(2)

Answer 12

• holds the current instruction beiong executed
• splitting into operand and opcode

Question 13

what is a foreign key

Answer 13

a primary key in a table( second table) which links to a field in the main table

Question 14

what does it mean when a transaction is durable

Answer 14

• a transaction that is committed
• is not lost in case of power failure

Question 15

what is a disadvantage of record locking

Answer 15

can cause delkays when user is waiting for access

Question 16

what is isolation

Answer 16

the result of concurrent transactions is the same if they were completed sequentially

Question 17

what is AI used for and what is its subset(2)

Answer 17

• AI is used for computer systems that are required to perform tasks that usually require human intelligence
• machine learning is a subset of AI

Question 18

what are ways to exchange data (2)

Answer 18

• CSV
• JSON

Question 19

what is another difference between compilers and translators(2)

Answer 19

• compiler produces file for reuse
• interpreter needs to re-translate every time the program is run

Question 20

what happens in the link layer(2)

Answer 20

• receives layered data from internet layer to send
• MAC address is added to the packet

Question 21

what are the 3 outcopmes of schedulling

Answer 21

• the process can be run
• the process can be blocked( may require I/O)
• the process may be suspended(ran out of time)

Question 22

what does pre-emptive mean`

Answer 22

• the prcess can be suspended if a higher priority process joins the queue

Question 23

what does the IP protocol do

Answer 23

routes data packets between 2 routers

Question 24

what is the role of a proxy and what is it

Answer 24

• controls the access of authorised users to data
• a hardware that accesses data on a different network

Question 25

WAP

Answer 25

• allows access to netwroks without physical cables

Question 26

what is a Domain name server

Answer 26

translate a web address into an IP address

Question 27

what type of processing is pipelining

Answer 27

pipelining is a type od concurrent processing

Question 28

what is server side processing used(2)

Answer 28

• client side processing coould be altered by the user
• browser may not support client side language

Question 29

what is a register(2)

Answer 29

• temporary memory location inside the CPU
• used for a specific purpose

Question 30

what is the purpose of a salt

Answer 30

• to prevent the same hash value, when 2 similar/ identical inputs are hashed