Re-entry and Reintgration

Question 1

what is re-entry

Answer 1

transition of prisoners from prison to community”

Durnescu, 2017

Question 2

what are 2 issues with the definition of re entry

Answer 2

is it too passive- implies walking through prison and having no support of any kind
what is the pre-prison status? do they have someone to re-enter into?

Question 3

what is re-settlement/reintegration?

Answer 3

‘a process of reintegration back into society that starts at the beginning of the sentence’ Durnescu 2017

Question 4

what is a problem with the definition of resettlement/reintegration

Answer 4

do they have somewhere to resettle into? No? then habilitation may be more appropriate

Question 5

return to wider society? what are some issues

Answer 5

will society accept?
involuntary exile- isolated outside of prison, means they will commit crimes again
moral contamination
complex disadvantage- employment opportunities are smaller

Question 6

what are the 3 negatives about society that prisoners could get released into?

Answer 6

not pro social-filled with others that commit crimes
criminogenic friends
social and economic disadvantage

Question 7

what are the 8 resettlement pathways that makes for an effective resettlement?

Answer 7

accommodation
education/employment 
health
finance
drugs/alcohol
families
attitudes
abuse

Question 8

resettlement pathways

accommodation

Answer 8

difficult to find somewhere to live if an offender has no family/friends
cannot apply for housing until out of prison
offenders are not a priority

Question 9

resettlement pathways

education/employment

Answer 9

very few have education. Employment becomes hard as conviction shows on record

Question 10

resettlement pathways

health

Answer 10

mental health deteriorates in prisoners regardless of whether you had it before you were arrested

Question 11

resettlement pathways

finance

Answer 11

how can people live with no money?

Can apply for benefits but takes a while, live off small amount of grant given but nowhere near enough

Question 12

resettlement pathways

drugs/alcohol

Answer 12

people pick up both in prison, is there enough programmes in prison to help with the substance abuse?

Question 13

resettlement pathways

families

Answer 13

prison can be stressful for families as well as the offender, they find it hard to re-build contact

Question 14

resettlement pathways

attitudes

Answer 14

probation and programmes in prisons work on these. Those with low IQ’s tend to not be able to take part

Question 15

resettlement pathways

Abuse

Answer 15

women are very likely to have experienced these- need to make sure this doesnt happen again and programmes need to be in place to help with the distress

Question 16

resettlement pathfinders

Answer 16

trialled to see what would work, 4 probation and 3 voluntary
used to motivate prisoners to pursue targets for personal change
can be used in prison and the community

Question 17

what is a resettlement prison

Answer 17

a place where prisoners go in order to aim at cutting re-offending and how they resettle into the community
For those with a long sentence, they spend the final 3 months in the resettlement prison, for those with shorter sentences, they spend the full sentence in resettlement prisons.

Question 18

Resettlement process models
Phases of re-entry
Societal re entry

Answer 18

physically relocating back into the community
what is the community response?
Are there practical difficulties?
Overcoming depends on; human capital, social network strength, confounding factors e.g. drug use

Question 19

Resettlement process models
phases of re-entry
what are the 3 stages?

Answer 19

societal re entry
emergent social interaction
social integration

Question 20

Resettlement process models
phases of re-entry
emergent social interaction

Answer 20

becoming part of society
community involvement
human capital
3 things enabled through social capital:
bonding-with groups before prison e.g. fam
bridging- reaching out e.g. colleagues
linking- relationships within society

Question 21

Resettlement process models
phases of re-entry
social integration

Answer 21

achieved level of settled in the community 
extensive inclusion 
sense of belonging 
this is a result of:
intention not to re-offend 
ending of prisoner being master status
favourable societal reactions 
structural opportunites

Question 22

According to Durnescue 2017, what are the 5 ‘pains of imprisonment’

Answer 22

deprivation of liberty
deprivation of goods/services
deprivation of heterosexual relationships
deprivation of autonomy 
deprivation of security

Question 23

cycle of change

Answer 23

1) anticipation: optimism, wanting a new life
2) recovery/ reunion: prison routine continues at home
3) activation : need to be economically active-less reference to prison
4) consolidation OR relapse- either success at previous stages and acquire new daily routines and new social life OR no money, friends and nowhere to turn apart from prison

Question 24

the importance of family

Answer 24

reduction on re-offending
improve relationships
help prepare for release
strengthening attachments