Re-entry and Reintgration Flashcards
what is re-entry
transition of prisoners from prison to community”
Durnescu, 2017
what are 2 issues with the definition of re entry
is it too passive- implies walking through prison and having no support of any kind
what is the pre-prison status? do they have someone to re-enter into?
what is re-settlement/reintegration?
‘a process of reintegration back into society that starts at the beginning of the sentence’ Durnescu 2017
what is a problem with the definition of resettlement/reintegration
do they have somewhere to resettle into? No? then habilitation may be more appropriate
return to wider society? what are some issues
will society accept?
involuntary exile- isolated outside of prison, means they will commit crimes again
moral contamination
complex disadvantage- employment opportunities are smaller
what are the 3 negatives about society that prisoners could get released into?
not pro social-filled with others that commit crimes
criminogenic friends
social and economic disadvantage
what are the 8 resettlement pathways that makes for an effective resettlement?
accommodation education/employment health finance drugs/alcohol families attitudes abuse
resettlement pathways
accommodation
difficult to find somewhere to live if an offender has no family/friends
cannot apply for housing until out of prison
offenders are not a priority
resettlement pathways
education/employment
very few have education. Employment becomes hard as conviction shows on record
resettlement pathways
health
mental health deteriorates in prisoners regardless of whether you had it before you were arrested
resettlement pathways
finance
how can people live with no money?
Can apply for benefits but takes a while, live off small amount of grant given but nowhere near enough
resettlement pathways
drugs/alcohol
people pick up both in prison, is there enough programmes in prison to help with the substance abuse?
resettlement pathways
families
prison can be stressful for families as well as the offender, they find it hard to re-build contact
resettlement pathways
attitudes
probation and programmes in prisons work on these. Those with low IQ’s tend to not be able to take part
resettlement pathways
Abuse
women are very likely to have experienced these- need to make sure this doesnt happen again and programmes need to be in place to help with the distress
resettlement pathfinders
trialled to see what would work, 4 probation and 3 voluntary
used to motivate prisoners to pursue targets for personal change
can be used in prison and the community
what is a resettlement prison
a place where prisoners go in order to aim at cutting re-offending and how they resettle into the community
For those with a long sentence, they spend the final 3 months in the resettlement prison, for those with shorter sentences, they spend the full sentence in resettlement prisons.
Resettlement process models
Phases of re-entry
Societal re entry
physically relocating back into the community
what is the community response?
Are there practical difficulties?
Overcoming depends on; human capital, social network strength, confounding factors e.g. drug use
Resettlement process models
phases of re-entry
what are the 3 stages?
societal re entry
emergent social interaction
social integration
Resettlement process models
phases of re-entry
emergent social interaction
becoming part of society
community involvement
human capital
3 things enabled through social capital:
bonding-with groups before prison e.g. fam
bridging- reaching out e.g. colleagues
linking- relationships within society
Resettlement process models
phases of re-entry
social integration
achieved level of settled in the community extensive inclusion sense of belonging this is a result of: intention not to re-offend ending of prisoner being master status favourable societal reactions structural opportunites
According to Durnescue 2017, what are the 5 ‘pains of imprisonment’
deprivation of liberty deprivation of goods/services deprivation of heterosexual relationships deprivation of autonomy deprivation of security
cycle of change
1) anticipation: optimism, wanting a new life
2) recovery/ reunion: prison routine continues at home
3) activation : need to be economically active-less reference to prison
4) consolidation OR relapse- either success at previous stages and acquire new daily routines and new social life OR no money, friends and nowhere to turn apart from prison
the importance of family
reduction on re-offending
improve relationships
help prepare for release
strengthening attachments
