RBC PRODUCTION AND DESTRUCTION Flashcards
factors that will induce it to mature in such a way that it will eventually lead in the production of RBC.
chemokines or cytokines
what is the goal of hematopoiesis
combat/alleviate any problems that the body experiences
erythroid progenitor cells that the rbc develop in the bone marrow
burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E)
colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E).
youngest to oldest precursor
pronormoblast
basophilic normoblast
polychromatic normoblast
orthochromic normoblast
polychromatic erythrocyte or reticulocyte.
what do you call the old erythroid
polychromatic erythrocyte or reticulocyte stage
what color reflects abundant ribosomal RNA
blue
what color reflects when hemoglobin accumulates &
the RNA is degraded.
salmon pink
specified or locked in in a specific
lineage
Totipotential
immature rbcs will undergo
mitosis
main function of rbc
carry hemoglobin to (?) path which are high
purpose of hemoglobin
carry oxygen & release oxygen to tissues
Goal of precursors
gaining of its function or maturation.
they’re the ones in charge stockpiling the hemoglobin while developing
precursor
t/f: The more immature the cell is, the more larger the nucleus
true
Hemoglobin has a protein component your globin & heme component, combination of
protoporphyrin 9
iron
opposite of active chromatin/ clumped chromatin
Heterochromatin
is just a string or thread and spindle is your chromatin
DNA
building up mechanism, because the nucleus itself isn’t the one making the protein/hemoglobin
Proerythroblast
The one making hemoglobin or globin portion
ribosome
signify protein production
Large nucleus & large component of euchromatin
t/f: That unwound DNA is your heterochromatin
false
excluded nucleus
Pyrenocyte
In this early phase, there are still a lot of mRNA production wala pa kaayo ribosoemes
Proerythroblast
consumable cells
RBC
How can you say the cell is already a pronormoblast
from your colony forming units?
There is production of organelles that will lead to hemoglobin production
nc ratio of pronormoblast
8:1
what is the color of cytoplasm of pronormoblast and why?
dark blue due to concentration of ribosomes & RNA.
The pronormoblast undergoes mitosis & gives rise to
2 daughter pronormoblasts
begins to accumulate the components necessary for hemoglobin production.
pronormoblast
globin production begins
pronormoblast
nucleus will stain what color and why
blue because nucleus is acidic
basic stain gives what color
blue
acidic stain will give what color
red
In the context of your cytoplasm, why is it dark blue?
There are a lot euchromatin and mRNA
is the most immature phase
pronormoblast
The chromatin begins to condense, revealing clumps along the periphery of the nuclear membrane and a few in the interior
BASOPHILIC NORMOBLAST
nc ratio of basophilic normoblast
6:1
chromatin color of basophilic normoblast
deep purple-red
chiefly for hemoglobin production
mRNA
N:C ratio of polychromatic normoblast
4:1
Notably, no nucleoli are present.
polychromatic normoblast
color of polychromatic normoblast
pink
why is the polychromatic normoblast pink
decreasing amounts of RNA.
This is the last stage in which the cell is capable of undergoing mitosis,
polychromatic normoblast
is a protein in the human body and it is more basic because of the amount of amino acids.
Hemoglobin
nc ratio of orthochromic normoblast
1:2
reflects nearly complete hemoglobin production.
orthochromic normoblast
color of orthochromic normoblast
salmon pink
not capable of division because of the condensation of the chromatin.
orthochromic normoblast
Late in the stage, the nucleus is ejected from the cell
orthochromic normoblast
there is no nucleus.
polychromatic erythrocyte
how long does the polychromatic erythrocyte resides in the bone marrow
1 to 2 days
the cell is the same color as a mature RBC
salmon pink, polychromatic erythrocyte
how long does the polychromatic erythrocyte resides in the bone marrow
1 day before reaching maturity.
digests the ribosomes.
Endoribonuclease
We will only call it reticulocyte when we stain it with
supravital stain
completes production of hemoglobin from a small amount
of residual messenger RNA using the remaining ribosomes
polychromatic erythrocyte
what cells do supravital stain stains?
live cells
there are still reticulum left which is composed of RNA
reticulocyte
stain used in erythrocyte
Wright-stained blood film
life span of rbc
120 days
Aging of rbc leads to their removal by what organ
spleen
spherical rbc/circle shape
hard time transferring your gasses
donut shape rbc
gas transfer is faster
the ability to traverse through tight curvices, tight blood vessels
Deformability
how many days for the BFU-E to mature to an RBC
18 to 21
how many days are spent as identifiable precursors in the
bone marrow.
6 days
what organ who produces EPO
kidney
a hormone that stimulates production and survival of red
blood cells
Erythropoietin
transmembrane receptor that stimulate apoptosis
Fas receptor
cells give iron to the red blood cells.
nurse cells
red blood cell precursor get iron is from, a soluble transport type of your iron
transferrin
primary hormone that stimulates the production of erythrocytes,
EPO
the ligand, is expressed by older erythroid precursors.
FasL
increases hepcidin. Meaning, there is an increase in iron absorption.
Erythroferrone
rescues CFU-E cells from apoptosis
EPO
cannot regenerate catabolized enzymes because they lack a nucleus.
Aged RBCs
accounts for most normal RBC deaths.
macrophage-mediated
hemolysis
results when mechanical factors rupture the cell membrane while the cell is in the peripheral circulation.
intravascular hemolysis
marker for phagocytosis
Phosphatidylserine
This pathway accounts for a minorcomponent of normal destruction of RBCs
intravascular hemolysis
