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HEMATOLOGY 1 > BLOOD COLLECTION > Flashcards

BLOOD COLLECTION Flashcards

marari trans

1
Q

correct order of draw (color)

A

yellow
light blue
red
green
lavender
gray

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2
Q

blood collection is under what phase?

A

pre-analytical phase

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2
Q

most commonly used in hematology

A

anticoagulated blood

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3
Q

physiologic factors affecting test results

A

posture
excercise
diurnal rhythms
diet
stress
smoking

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4
Q

equipments necessary to perform a venipuncture

A

gloves
needles
hub
evacuated collection tubes
alcohol wipes
syringes
bandages/tape
gauze sponges
tourniquet
sharps container
povidone/iodine swabs/wipes
requisition form

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4
Q

puncturing the vein

A

venipuncture

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5
Q

what is the complete name of edta

A

ethylenediaminetertaacetic acid

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6
Q

order of draw (inversions)

A

8-10
3-4
5 (if plastic is used)
8-10
8-10
8-10

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6
Q

what is the liquid portion in the anticoagulated tube

A

plasma (has fibrinogen)

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6
Q

types of gloves

A

latex
vinyl
nitrile

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7
Q

order of draw (anticoagulants)

A

blood culture
sodium citrate
no additive
sodium heparim
edta
sodium flouride

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8
Q

tourniquet should be left for how long on the arms?

A

less than 1 minute

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9
Q

components of the evacuated tube system

A

evacuated tube
needle
adapter

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9
Q

glass tubes with ____ decreases hemolysis

A

silicone

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10
Q

the tourniquet should be placed in the arm for how many inches from the venipuncture site

A

3-4 inches above

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11
Q

what is the liquid portion in the coagulated tube

A

no fibrinogen

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12
Q

in serum testing how long does it take for the sample to clot

A

30-60 mins

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12
Q

purpose of clot activators

A

Accelerate clotting process
Decrease specimen preparation time

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13
Q

clot activators could activate what factor

A

factor XII

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13
Q

needed for clotting by forming insoluble calcium salts

A

Calcium

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13
Q

color of anticoagulant tops

A

lavender - edta
citrate - light blue
oxalate - gray

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14
Q

what color top is used in serum chemistry

A

gold top

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14
Q

→ inert material that undergoes a temporary change in viscosity during centrifugation process
→ enables it to serve as a separation barrier between serum or plasma and cells

A

gel separatora

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14
Q

Inhibits glucose metabolism by blood cells

A

Sodium fluoride

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15
Q

binds to thrombin in the plasma

A

heparin

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16
Q

most common needle size for adults

A

21G (1 inch)

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17
Q

what are the average sizes of the two way needle when drawing blood

A

19-23G

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18
Q

parts of the syringe

A

plunger
barrel
needle hub
needle

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18
Q

butterfly needle is used to collect blood sample for patients who are

A

Children
Difficult to draw blood
Geriatrics
Tiny, fragile, rolling veins

18
Q

Short needle with plastic wings connected to thin tubing

A

Butterfly Needle

19
Q

parts of the syringe (starting from hub to needle)

A

hub
shaft
bevel
lumen

20
Q

3 possible sources in collecting blood

A

venous blood
capillary blood
arterial blood

21
Q

what methods are performed when collecting venous blood

A

Syringe method
Vacuum Method (ETS)
Winged or Butterfly Method

22
Q

arterial blood is usually done by

A

respiratory therapists

23
Q

order of veins

A

median cubital vein
cephalic vein
basilic vein

24
Q

why do we need to avoid basilic vein

A

It is near the brachial artery

25
Q

if the veins in the arm are unavailable which site should we perform venipuncture?

A

hand or wrist veins

26
Q

basic information needed in labeling a sample

A

Patient’s Full name
Patient’s unique identification number
Date of collection
Time of collection (military time)
Collector’s Initials or code number

27
Q

sites you should avoid when performing venipuncture

A

burns
scars
tattoos
edematous patient
hematoma

28
Q

Site of breast removal

A

post-masectomy

29
Q

lymphatic system is stagnant
thus prone to infection

A

lymphostasis

30
Q

(+) DOUBLE MASTECTOMY
Capillary puncture

A

lymphocytosis

31
Q

remedy for locating the vein in obese patients

A

use of a blood pressure cuff (not higher than 40mmHg), not be left on the arm for >1min)

32
Q

what antiseptic is used in cleaning the site

A

70% isopropyl alcohol

33
Q

motion in cleaning the site

A

circular outward motion

34
Q

using correct guage will

A

decrease hemolysis

35
Q

using wrong guage and the needle bore is large it will

A

increase the chance of hemolysis

36
Q

how many degrees when inverting the tube

A

180 degrees

37
Q

Most common injury in lab

A

Needle stick injury

38
Q

complications of venipuncture

A

Hematoma
Dizziness and vomiting
Can cause nerve or arterial damage
Hemolyzed blood samples

39
Q

equipment used in capillary puncture

A

Safety lancets
Automatic lancets
Feather lancets
Microtainer with capillary tube

39
Q

sites in children where we can perform capillary puncture

A

lateral or medial sides of the heel
fingers

40
Q

how deep should we puncture the skin of an premature infant

A

< 2mm

41
Q

best site for doing capillary puncture

A

3rd and 4th finger (NON DOMINANT)

41
Q

in cap punc, warm the site with soft cloth with warm water and it should reach what temp, then how many minutes you should massage it

A

41 degrees celsius; 3-5mins

42
Q

2 possible sources of specimens in capillary puncture

A

finger
heel

42
Q

most accessible arterial puncture site

A

Radial artery

43
Q

estimation of blood gases (ABG):PH,CO2 andO2

A

Arterial Puncture

44
Q

2 types of blood and their color

A

arterial blood - bright red
venous blood - dark red

45
Q

blood that has lower amount of oxygen

A

Venous blood

45
Q

blood that contains high amount of oxygen

A

Arterial blood

46
Q

What top is used for hematology

A

Lavender/purple top

47
Q

What top is used for hematology

A

Lavender/purple top

48
Q

Determines approves, and publishes the order of draw

A

clinical laboratory standards institute

49
Q

Additive in blood culture

A

Broth mixture

50
Q

Additive in pale yellow top

A

Acid-citrate-dextrose

51
Q

These sites other than the forearm requires more caution and expertise in the blood collection

A

Femoral vein
Jugular vein
Scalp vein

52
Q

Why you should not collect blood on the side with mastectomy

A

To reduce the risk of complications

53
Q

Differentiate sodium heparin to lithium heparin

A

Sodium heparin - inactivates thrombin
Lithium heparin - separates plasma in the PST tube

54
Q

What tests are performed in sodium heparin

A

Ammonia level
Lithium level

55
Q

What tests are performed in lithium heparin

A

Chemistries

HEMATOLOGY 1 (6 decks)

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