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MLSCI 230 > RBC Metabolism > Flashcards

RBC Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

This will decrease the lifespan of a RBC

A

any changes to the shape and function of a normal RBC

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2
Q

RBC Plasma Membrane Constitutes of…

A

8% carbohydrates, 52% proteins, 40% lipids

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3
Q

Lipids of the RBC Plasma Membrane

A
  • cholesterol
    > amphipathic
    > allows tensile strength, deformability at low temps, stability
    > anchor other proteins
  • phospholipids
    > fluidity
    > elasticity
    > hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails
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4
Q

Effect of Liver disease to RBCs

A
  • decreased membrane cholesterol so RBC present as ‘target’ cells
  • cells more fluid w excess membrane that collapses and produces target cells
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5
Q

increased plasma membrane cholesterol

A
  • incorporated into membrane
  • rigid cells
  • O2 carrying capacity is decreased
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6
Q

Proteins in the RBC Plasma Membrane

A
  • integral: transmembrane proteins, vertical membrane structure, signal receptors, transport and adhesion sites, anchor bilayer to cytoskeleton
  • peripheral: lateral or horizontal membrane stability, do not penetrate bilayer, alpha and beta spectrin
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7
Q

T or F. RBCs have a low SA:Vol ratio

A

F! High! This ensures efficient and constant rate of gas exchange

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8
Q

Increased MCHC (>360) leads to

A
  • increased Hb viscosity
  • compromises RBC deformability
  • decreases life span
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9
Q

Causes of high MCHC

A
  • anemias
  • hereditary spherocytosis
  • liver disease
  • cold agglutinins
  • sample interferences (lipemia, icterus)
  • increased WBC counts
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10
Q

RBC processes that require E input

A
  • maintenance of phospholipid membrane
  • Hb function (ATP makes sure iron does not become oxidized)
  • cell metabolism (no ATP input = no ATP generation = no ATP for cell function)
  • prevention of cell oxidation
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11
Q

Embden-Meyerhof Pathway

A
  • no mitochondria
  • ATP by breaking down plasma glucose into ATP
  • no glycogen storage; glucose enters freely through Glut-1 transmem protein
  • net gain = 2 ATP
  • anaerobic
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12
Q

Deficiencies in enzymes in Embden-Meyerhof pathway

A

lead to non-spherocytic anemia

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13
Q

Describe the Embden-Meyerhof Pathway

A

3 phases which utilizes three shunts:

  • Hexose Monophosphate
  • Methemoglobin Reductase
  • Rapoport-Luebering
  • these are important in preventing oxidative damage to cell and other essential by-products for transport and delivery
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14
Q

What happens to Rapoport-Luebering Pathway if acidic environment is present

A
  • low 3-PG
  • low 2-PG

so stop action of pathway to prevent entrance of 1,3-BPG into this shunt
- promotes 1,3-BPG to continue in the EMP to produce ATP

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15
Q

Hereditary Elliptocytosis

A
  • defects in cytoskeletal proteins
  • RBC fails to rebound from deformation
  • RBC’s progressively elongate and form elliptocytes
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16
Q

Hereditary Spherocytosis

A
  • defects in vertical support proteins
  • loss of lipid membrane
  • reduced membrane:cytoplasm ratio (SA:Vol ratio)
  • cells are spherical and rigid
  • decreased vol but normal conctn of Hb leads to increased MCHC values
  • loss of central pallor
  • dark, small RBC
17
Q

Most common pathway defect

A

G6PD deficiency

18
Q

without G6PD …

A
  • cells cannot produce NADPH

- RBC vulnerable to oxidative damage

19
Q

Most common inherited RBC enzyme deficiency, X-linked

A

G6PD deficiency

20
Q

G6PD deficiency can cause …

A
  • non-spherocytic anemia
  • hlobin chain denaturation
  • globin chains can precipitat out as HEINZ bodies
  • oxidation damages components of cell membrane leading to eventual ell death
  • extravascular hemolysis
21
Q

G6PD def is exasperated by…

A

drugs, chemicals, fava beans

22
Q

Pros of G6PD def

A

RBC more susceptible to oxidative stress = offers protection and kills malarial parasites

23
Q

Pyruvate kinase def

A
  • inherited autosomal recessive
  • cells cannot complete glycolysis and generate adequate ATP
  • RBC break down easily causing anemia in patients
  • complications and patient symptoms depend on severity of diseases
  • supportive therapy for patients
  • burr or crenated cells peripheral blood smear

MLSCI 230 (36 decks)

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