Basophils, Eosinophils, and Monocytes Flashcards
Basophils
- matures in BM
- basophilic granules (lots so difficult to observe maturation)
- bilobed nucleus
circulate in blood until directed to inflamed tissue - 60-hour lifespan; anti-apoptotic
this is critical for basophil differentiation
IL-3
contributes to long lifespan (60 hrs)
these initiate and mediate allergic response
- basophils
- receptors for IgE
- type I hypersensitivity
these regulate immune response and releases cytokines to regulate T-helper cells
basophils
these assist eos in control of helminth infections
basophils
Basopenia
low basophils (disorder); hard to assess due to the low number of basophils
eosinophils
- bilobed nucleus; azurophilic granules
- IL-5 critical for proliferation and survival
- concentrated at mucosal surfaces
- remains in circulation for about 18 hrs
- reside in tissues for 2-5 days
T or F. eosinophils act as antigen presenting cells
T!
Charcot-Leyden protein
- eosinophil
- lysophospholipase
- hydrolyzes different types of phospholipid membranes
eosinophil cationic protein
destroys membranes
major basic protein of eosinophilic granules
disrupts membranes
eosinophil peroxidase
generates toxic radicals
histaminase
produced by eos; inhibits histamine
10% of leukocytes
monocytes
monocytes are derived from…
granulocyte-monocyte progenitor cells
housekeeping functions of monocytes
- remove debris
- destroy senescent RBCs and stores iron
- production of proteins, enzymes, interleukins, complement, growth factors, etc.
monocytosis
caused by inflammation, infections, hypersensitivity, tissue repair, neutropenia, drugs, stress, malignancies
monocytopenia
- rare ; other cytopenia involved
- aplastic anemia, EBV chemo, or steroid therapy
Niemann-Pick disease
- lipid storage disease of monocytres (def of sphingomyelinase)
- accumulation of sphingomyelin in macrophages giving foamy cytoplasm with lipid filled vesicles
Basophil granules
- histamine
- chondroitin sulfates
- eosinophilic chemotactic factor
- prostaglandin D2
- leukotrienes
- interleukins
Gaucher disease
- monocyte disorder
- lysosomal lipid storage
- def in B-glucocerebrosidase
- glucocerebroside accumulates in macs giving cytoplasm a wrinkled/striated appearance
largest reservoir of monocytes
- red pup of spleen
- releases them in response to tissue damage
T or F. basophils are phagocytic
F! non-phagocytic
basophil granules
- histamine = hypersensitivity + inflammation
- chrondroitin sulfates = heparan sulfate
- eiosinophilic chemotactic factor
- prostaglandin D2 (vasodilation)
- leukotrienes (mediates inflammation)
- interleukins