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Rats Flashcards

1
Q

How big does a cage need to be for a rat?

A

2 square feet per rat

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2
Q

Which color of fat helps with staying warm in cold temperatues?

A

Brown fat

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3
Q

What is the scientific name for a rat?

A

Rattus Norvegicus

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4
Q

What color or pattern are Long Evans rats?

A

Hooded

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5
Q

What is the most common antibiotic used in rats (and mice?)

A

Enrofloxacin, or Baytril

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6
Q

What does Gnotobiotic mean?

A

Microflora has been identified

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7
Q

Which glands are responsible for “red tears”?

A

Harderian Glands

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8
Q

Which organ helps break down cellulose?

A

Cecum

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9
Q

What 2 types of bedding should NOT be used in mice and rats?

A

Cedar bc it releases toxic gas, and corn cob because it causes impaction when eaten

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10
Q

Which vessel can be used to collect blood without anesthesia in rats?

A

lateral tail vein

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11
Q

Which vessel can be used to collect blood with anesthesia?

A

Jugular vein

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12
Q

What is the ideal lab animal facility/hospital ward temperature?

A

85-90 degrees

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13
Q

Which agency inspects research facilities on a yearly basis?

A

APHIS, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

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14
Q

What is the name of the albino rats?

A

Sprague-Dawley

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15
Q

What organ do rats not have?

A

Gallbladder

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16
Q

What is the rat lifespan?

A

2.5-3.5 years

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17
Q

What is the rat temperature?

A

96.6 -99.5

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18
Q

What is the rat estrus cycle?

A

4-5 days

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19
Q

What is the rat gestation and how large is the litter?

A

21-23 days, 6-12 pups

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20
Q

How long is weaning for a rat?

A

21 days

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21
Q

What do male rats have in their penises that dogs have too?

22
Q

What is the urine pH of a rat and the specific gravity?

A

7.3-7.5 and 1.040-1.070

23
Q

What are the 3 types of rats?

A

Common outbred, common inbred and F1 hybrids

24
Q

Which breed of rat has autoimmune thyroiditis?

A

Buffalo rat

25
How much blood can you safely take from a rat?
2-3 ml max, or 10% of total blood volume
26
What is the typical total blood volume of a rat?
20-40 ml
27
What are the 2 most common anesthesia complications in rats?
Hypothermia and hypoglycemia
28
What size needles can be used to give medication SQ in rats?
23 and 25 gauge
29
What is the max amount of meds that can be given IM in rats?
No more than 0.3 ml
30
What is the preferred method of injection of medications in rats?
IP, intraperitoneally
31
What 3 things must you have ready when doing surgery on a rat or rodent?
Incubator, eye lube, and a sugar mixture to give
32
What is the most common respiratory pathogen in rats and what does it cause?
Mycoplasma pulmonis, causes MRM (murine respiratory mycoplasmosis)
33
What are the symptoms of Mycoplasma pulmonis?
Labored breathing, teeth chattering, weight loss, conjuncitivits/discharge
34
Name a zoonotic GI disease
Helicobacter
35
What disease is caused by Clostridium pilaforme and is NOT zoonotic?
Tyzzer's disease
36
What are the clinical signs of Tyzzer's disease?
Vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, anorexia
37
What does Staphylococcus aureus cause? What puts rats at risk for this?
Lesions and dermatitis. | Mutilation, open wounds, bare patches of skin
38
Pseudo tuberculosis causes what?
Abscesses in the lungs and contents become caseous
39
What is SDA (sialodacryoadenitis virus) and what are the symptoms?
A coronavirus that causes inflammation in the lacrimal and salivary glands. Highly contagious, symptoms are squinting/protrusion of the eye, swelling in the jaw/cervical region
40
Hantavirus is zoonotic. How is it transmitted? What is its reservoir host?
Transmitted through rat waste/saliva when bitten, contaminated food or living environments, aerosol exposure. Reservoir host is wild rats.
41
When humans get Hantavirus, what does it cause?
HFRS, Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
42
What is IDIR (infectious disease of infant rats), treatment and symptom?
Rotavirus in rats 2 weeks or younger. Supportive care is given. Soft yellow stools accumulating around the anus
43
What is the most common medication for external parasite control?
Ivermectin
44
What are the most common tumors in rats?
Mammary tumors
45
Name 2 neoplasias that commonly occur in rats
Lymphocytic leukemia and pituitary adenomas
46
What is a common fungal skin disease?
Dermatophytosis, or ringworm
47
Which side is the cecum located in rats?
Right caudal quadrant
48
What is the most common cause of ringtail in rats?
Low humidity
49
What is the ideal temperature for rats?
64-79 F
50
When do male rats' testicles come in?
At 3-4 weeks

Exotics (14 decks)

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