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Exotics > Rabbit > Flashcards

Rabbit Flashcards

1
Q

What is the rabbit scientific name?

A

Oryctolagus cuniculus

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2
Q

What order are rabbits in?

A

Lagomorpha

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3
Q

Hares are in what genus?

A

Lepus

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4
Q

Cottontails are in what genus?

A

Sylvilagus

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5
Q

Can different orders of rabbits interbreed?

A

No

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6
Q

Dutch belted/banded rabbits have what color coat?

A

white coat with a black or brown belt around the abdomen, and dark eyes

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7
Q

What is the harlequin color coat?

A

Broken, white base coat with any pattern of other color

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8
Q

American Rabbit Breeders Association recognizes how many breeds?

A

50

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9
Q

What are the most popular rabbit breeds?

A

New Zealand White (NZW), American Dutch, Californian, Flemish Giant

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10
Q

What is the most popular rabbit breed for research?

A

New Zealand White

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11
Q

Which rabbit breeds are used for meat?

A

NZW, Flemish Giant, Californian, American Checkered Giant

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12
Q

What is the average weight of NZW rabbits?

A

6.6-11+lb

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13
Q

What is the average weight of American Dutch rabbits?

A

2-4 lb

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14
Q

How can you tell the difference between a NZW and a Californian?

A

Californians have dark ears, nose and feet

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15
Q

What is the average size of the Flemish Giant?

A

14.3-19.8lb

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16
Q

What are some pet and show breeds of rabbits?

A

American chinchilla, satin, rex, silver martin, american checkered giant, polish, lop

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17
Q

What is the average size of the Californian?

A

13 lb

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18
Q

What kind of antibodies do rabbits produce?

A

Polyclonal antibodies

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19
Q

What is an adult male rabbit called?

A

Buck

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20
Q

What is an adult female rabbit called?

A

Doe

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21
Q

What is the average birthweight of a rabbit kit?

A

30-90 g

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22
Q

When do male rabbits reach sexual maturity?

A

22-52 weeks

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23
Q

When do female rabbits reach sexual maturity?

A

22-52 weeks

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24
Q

What is the breeding life of the male and female rabbit?

A

Male: 5-6 years months
Female: 2-3 years

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25
Q

What kind of estrus cycle do female rabbits go through?

A

Induced ovulator

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26
Q

What is the rabbit litter size?

A

4-12

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27
Q

What is the rabbit gestation length?

A

29-35 days

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28
Q

How much of the body weight is the skeleton of the rabbit?

A

7-8%

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29
Q

Which vertebrae can rabbits fracture?

A

Lumbar

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30
Q

What do rabbits commonly do when in pain?

A

Grind teeth

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31
Q

Where are peg teeth in rabbits?

A

Directly behind the incisors with unknown

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32
Q

What are the 2 lymphoid organs associated with the rabbit GI system? How much of the total lymphoid tissue do they contain?

A

Sacculus rotundus, appendix/veriform process

50% of lymphoid tissue

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33
Q

Esophagus has how many striated muscle layers?

A

3

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34
Q

What are the 2 types of feces of rabbits?

A

Firm, dry daytime pellets and soft moist nighttime pellets called cecotrophs

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35
Q

What do cecotrophs contain?

A

high water content, nitrogen, electrolytes and B vitamins, Volatile Fatty Acids

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36
Q

Healthy rabbits never have:

A

an empty stomach

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37
Q

Trichobezoars are an indicator of what?

A

Intestinal motility problems

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38
Q

Each rabbit eye has how many degrees of vision?

A

190

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39
Q

What is the primary means of temperature regulation in rabbits?

A

Ears

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40
Q

The right AV valve of rabbits is:

A

Bicuspid, tricuspid in other animals

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41
Q

Towel wrapping a rabbit for a long time can result in:

A

Heatstroke

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42
Q

Rabbits are prone to what during intubation?

A

Laryngospasm

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43
Q

What are the visual genital differences between male and female rabbits?

A

Females have a slit-like opening, males have a rounded urethral opening

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44
Q

How do rabbit kits get their immunity?

A

The placenta

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45
Q

When do rabbit kits wean?

A

4-6 weeks

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46
Q

What is the rabbit chromosome number?

A

44

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47
Q

What kind of uterus does female rabbits have?

A

Duplex uterus, each uterine horn has its own cervix

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48
Q

Do male rabbits have nipples?

A

No

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49
Q

What is giving birth to rabbit kits called?

A

Kindling

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50
Q

Breeding colonies of rabbits consist of:

A

1 buck to 10-20 does

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51
Q

Ovulation occurs approximately when after mating in rabbits?

A

10 hours

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52
Q

What is the predominant leukocyte in rabbits?

A

Lymphocyte

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53
Q

Rabbit neutrophils look similar to what? How can they be distinguished?

A

Eosinophils (aka heterophils)

True eosinophils are larger, darker granules

54
Q

Basophils are most common in which animal than other mammals?

A

Rabbits

55
Q

Serum calcium in rabbits can fluctuate and be as high as:

A

15mg/dL

56
Q

What is the ph of rabbit urine?

A

7.5-9

57
Q

Why does rabbit urine appear cloudy?

A

High quantities of triple phosphate and Ca carbonate crystals

58
Q

What is the ideal temperature for rabbits?

A

55-72

59
Q

Commercial rabbit food should have how much fiber?

A

15% protein and at least 18% fiber

60
Q

High fiber in rabbits helps reduce:

A

Trichobezoars and obesity

61
Q

Too many supplements in rabbits can cause what?

A

Diarrhea

62
Q

How should a rabbit be restrained?

A

Scruff while supporting the hind legs, or a football hold

63
Q

How can you hypnotize a rabbit?

A

Put in dorsal in a v trough and repeatedly gently stroke the abdomen

64
Q

What are the 2 sites for large amount of blood collection in rabbits?

A

Auricular artery and jugular vein

65
Q

How much blood can you get from a rabbit?

A

40-80 ml

66
Q

What is the max you can put in a rabbit muscle?

A

1.5 ml

67
Q

How long should food be withheld from rabbits before sx to get an accurate body weight?

A

2-6 hours

68
Q

Because the enzyme atropine esterase is present in many rabbits, what other anticholinergic should be used?

A

Glycopyrrolate

69
Q

How is depth of anesthesia in rabbits best determined?

A

Breathing rate and degree of jaw tone

70
Q

What are the 2 most common pain meds postop for rabbits?

A

Butorphenol and buprenorphine

71
Q

What is the most common disease of rabbits?

A

Pasteurellosis, commonly called snuffles

72
Q

Cilia Associated Respiratory (CAR) in rabbits is caused by what bacteria?

A

Helicobacter spp

73
Q

What are the 4 common enteric diseases of rabbits?

A

Coccidiosis, Enterotoxemia, Tyzzer’s disease, Salmonellosis

74
Q

What bacteria causes enterotoxemia in rabbits?

A

Clostridia spp

75
Q

Necrobacillosis or Schmorl’s disease is caused by what bacteria?

A

F. necrophorum

76
Q

Pseudotuberculosis is caused by what bacteria?

A

Y. pseudotuberculosis

77
Q

Venereal spriochetosis – rabbit syphilis, is caused by what? How is it transmitted?

A

Spirochetes, transmitted by direct contact

78
Q

Treponematosis, aka vent disease or spirochetosis in rabbits is caused by what? How is it transmitted and treated?

A

spirochete Treponema cuniculi
Transmitted venereally and transplacentally
Treated with penicillin, high fiber diet and anti-diarrheal meds

79
Q

The myxomavirus’s natural host is what, and how is it transmitted?

A

Cottontails

Transmitted by mosquitoes

80
Q

Myxomavirus is a poxvirus that causes:

A

Myxomatosis

81
Q

Papillomatosis (oral and cutaneous) is caused by what?

A

Papovirus

82
Q

Rotavirus in rabbits causes what?

A

Enteritis

83
Q

Coronavirus causes what in rabbits?

A

Cardiomyopathy

84
Q

What mange mites can infect rabbits?

A

Notoedres cati and Sarcoptes scabiei

85
Q

What external parasites can rabbits get?

A

Ear mites, fur mites, mange mites, fleas, cuterebra

86
Q

Are pinworms pathogenic to rabbits?

A

No

87
Q

What tapeworm infects rabbits?

A

Cittotaenia ctenoides

88
Q

The Protozoa – Encephalitozoon cuniculi can cause what in rabbits?

A

Brain lesions

89
Q

What are the 2 forms of coccidiosis in rabbits?

A

Intestinal (Eimeria MPMI) and hepatic (Eimeria S.)

90
Q

What are common neoplasias of rabbits?

A

Uterine adenocarcinoma, lymphosarcoma, bile duct adenomas, prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas, embryonal nephromas

91
Q

Buphthalmia and glaucoma is common in which rabbit breed?

A

NZW

92
Q

Vitamin E deficiency can cause what in rabbits?

A

Muscle atrophy

93
Q

Splay leg in rabbits is caused by what?

A

Inherited recessive trait

94
Q

What are signs of lack of enrichment in rabbits?

A

Head swaying/weaving, head pressing, obsession with pawing/digging at cage floor or food bowl, circling, sitting with head lowered, excessive fur plucking, bar chewing and drinking.

95
Q

What is the diastema?

A

Space between incisors and premolars, devoid of canine teeth

96
Q

What can cause arteriosclerosis in rabbits?

A

Calcium imbalance or Vitamin D excess

97
Q

Why shouldn’t rabbits be fed large amounts of alfalfa hay?

A

Alfalfa hay has higher calcium and can increase urinary calcium that can cause urolithiasis and excessive urinary sludge.

98
Q

What is the best housing for rabbits?

A

Half wire half solid floor.

99
Q

How can a rabbit owner increased the nutritional content of the diet?

A

Feed a variety of hay types, mostly timothy hay

100
Q

What can feeding fresh greens and fruits to rabbits cause? What can rabbits graze on?

A

Starch overload, cecal pH extremes, enteric diseases

Can graze on clover or dandelion

101
Q

What happens if rabbit kits are fed milk that’s not from a rabbit?

A

They fail to form an antimicrobial fatty acid called milk oil that helps develop colostral antibodies within the intestines.

102
Q

What antibiotics can cause clostridium/bacterial enterotoxemia in rabbits?

A

Gram +, beta lactam, lincosamides, clindamycin, lincomycin, erythromycin. NO ORAL PENICILLIN. AKA PLACE

103
Q

What is a safer way to give antibiotics to rabbits?

A

Injection

104
Q

What are signs of enterotoxemia?

A

Anorexia, diarrhea, wasting

105
Q

What can cause ileus in rabbits?

A

Environmental changes, stress, malocclusion, excessive high-energy low fiber diet, trichobezoar.

106
Q

What is treatment for ileus?

A

Rehydrating stomach, maintain hydration, stimulate motility, assisted feeding, commercial critical care diet for herbivores, abdominal massage, appetite stimulants. Syringe feed to avoid clogging of feeding tubes.

107
Q

What pain med can cause ileus in rabbits?

A

Buprenorphine

108
Q

What 2 drugs can help with GI motility in rabbits?

A

Cisapride, ranitidine and metoclopramide

109
Q

Trichobezoars are not always:

A

Pathogenic, can be an incidental finding

110
Q

Ear mites infections or ear cankers are called:

A

Otoacariasis

111
Q

Moist dermatits, slobbers or blue fur disease is caused by what? What causes the blue fur?

A

Malocclusion or continual moistening of the fur by drinking from a water bowl, urine/diarrhea scald.
Pseudomonas bacteria causes the blue fur.

112
Q

Necrobacillosis aka Schmorl’s disease, is what?

A

Syndrome commonly refering to dermatitis of the face and neck area caused by excessive salivation due to dental disease.

113
Q

What are zoonotic diseases/parasites of rabbits?

A

Ringworm, fur mite, burrowing sarcoptic mite (walking dandruff), leptospirosis, tularemia, salmonellosis, rabies

114
Q

What is the most common anesthetic used in rabbits?

A

Ketamine and Xylazine/Dexmedetomidine (latter maintains cardio parameters better than xylazine)

115
Q

If you put an ecollar on a rabbit, that prevents them from getting what important nutrient?

A

B vitamins from cecotrophs

116
Q

What is the best analgesia for rabbits?

A

Combo of NSAIDS and opioids

117
Q

Rabbits slow to recover from anesthesia should be turned every:

A

30-60 minutes to prevent hypostatic lung congestion, and should be given warmed fluids

118
Q

Tularemia bacterium is carried by what?

A

Ticks and fleas

119
Q

How do rabbits die from ileus?

A

Water is absorbed into the colon and causes dehydration, gas builds up from the fermentation causing pain, reduced energy from lack of food absorption leads to hepatic lipidosis.

120
Q

What does the stool from rabbits with ileus look like? How will the stomach feel?

A

Small, dark irregular pellets.

Stomach will feel doughy, firm and maybe bloated

121
Q

Why should lawn clippings be avoided?

A

They ferment rapidly and can cause bloat and ileus

122
Q

How many injections can rabbits tolerate of Penicillin?

A

Once a week

123
Q

When is the best time to check for pinworms?

A

At night

124
Q

How many times a day do rabbit kits nurse?

A

Once

125
Q

Female rabbits have what kind of uterus?

A

Duplex

126
Q

What is the most common tumor of the reproductive tract of the female rabbit?

A

Adenocarcinoma

127
Q

Rabbit syphilis is caused by what?

A

Treponema spp

128
Q

The rabbit tricuspid valve has how many leaflets?

A

2, it’s bicuspid

129
Q

Where is the majority of lymph tissue in the rabbit?

A

GIT

130
Q

Rabbit neutrophils can be confused with what?

A

Eosinophils

131
Q

What is the large centrally located ear vessel in the rabbit?

A

Auricular artery

132
Q

Pododermatitis is caused by what in rabbits?

A

Highly alkaline urine

Exotics (14 decks)

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