Rates of Reaction Flashcards
How would you measure loss of mass?
Put HCl acid into a conical flask and marble chips on a balance
Add marble chips to HCl and note change of mass
How would you collect the gas in an intermediate reaction?
Attach a bung and gas syringe to a conical flask and note the filing of the gas syringe.
OR
Put through water and collect in a measuring cylinder or gas burst té
How would you measure colour change?
Time how long it takes for the colour to change
How would you measure precipitation?
Put a mark such as X on the side of a boiling tube. Time how long it takes for the X to disappear.
What is concentration?
The amount of particles in a certain amount of space
When do reactions occur?
When particles collide with a certain amount of energy
What is activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy needed for the particles to react
What does the rate of reaction depend on?
The frequency of collisions
The energy with which particles collide
What happens if the particles collide with less energy than the activation energy?
They just bounce off eachot her
What does a catalyst do?
Provides an alternative pathway with lower activation energy.
This speeds up the reaction because more collisions have energy above the activation energy.
The more successful collisions, the faster the rate.
What is the effect of increasing temperature?
Increases particle’s kinetic energy, which makes them move faster with more energy.
This means more collisions and a faster rate of reaction because there are more collisions in a smaller space of time.
What is the effect of increasing concentration/gas pressure?
More particles per unit of volume and therefore more succesful collisions.
What is the effect of reducing particle size?
Increases surface area so there are more particles exposed and able to react. It creates more successful collisions and increases the rate of reaction.
